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Shloka 12

धृतराष्ट्र-संजय-संवादः — दुर्योधनस्य ह्रदप्रवेशः

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Saṃjaya Dialogue: Duryodhana’s Entry into the Lake

योधास्तत्र महाराज समासाद्य परस्परम्‌ | व्यचरन्त रणे क्रुद्धा विनिघ्नन्त: परस्परम्‌

yodhās tatra mahārāja samāsādya parasparam | vyacaranta raṇe kruddhā vini-ghnantaḥ parasparam ||

ณ ที่นั้น โอ มหาราชา เหล่านักรบเข้าประชิดกันและกัน ด้วยโทสะอันลุกโชน ต่างตระเวนอยู่ในสมรภูมิ พลางประหัตประหารกันเอง

yodhāḥwarriors
yodhāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootyodha
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra
mahārājaO great king
mahārāja:
TypeNoun
Rootmahārāja
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
samāsādyahaving approached/encountered
samāsādya:
TypeVerb
Rootsam-ā-sad
FormAbsolutive (ktvā/lyap), Parasmaipada (usage)
parasparamone another
parasparam:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootparaspara
vyacaranthey moved about/roamed
vyacaran:
TypeVerb
Rootvi-car
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
raṇein battle
raṇe:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootraṇa
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
kruddhāḥangry
kruddhāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootkruddha
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
vinighnantaḥstriking down/killing
vinighnantaḥ:
TypeVerb
Rootvi-ni-han
FormPresent active participle (śatṛ), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Parasmaipada
parasparamone another
parasparam:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootparaspara

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'mahārāja')
W
warriors (yodhāḥ)
B
battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) in war collapses restraint and judgment, producing a self-reinforcing pattern of mutual harm. Ethically, it points to the peril of letting wrath govern action: once reciprocity becomes retaliation, violence escalates and dharma becomes difficult to perceive and uphold.

Sañjaya reports to the king that the combatants have come into close contact and are moving about the battlefield in fury, attacking and killing one another in direct, mutual engagement.