Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 12

Kṛtavarmā–Sātyaki Chariot Duel and Kaurava Morale Shock (कृतवर्म-सात्यकि-द्वैरथम्)

ततस्तु त॑ वै द्विरदं महात्मा प्रत्युद्ययौ त्वरमाणे जयाय । जम्भो यथा शक्रसमागमे वै नागेन्द्रमैरावणमिन्द्रवाहमुम्‌,तदनन्तर उन महामनस्वी धृष्टद्युम्नने बड़ी उतावलीके साथ विजय प्राप्त करनेके लिये उस हाथीपर चढ़ाई की। जैसे इन्द्रके साथ युद्ध छिड़नेपर जम्भासुरने इन्द्रवाहन नागराज ऐरावतपर धावा किया था

tatastu taṁ vai dviradaṁ mahātmā pratyudyayau tvaramāṇo jayāya | jambho yathā śakra-samāgame vai nāgendram airāvaṇam indra-vāhanam ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า—แล้วมหาบุรุษผู้นั้นเร่งรุดเพื่อชัยชนะ จึงพุ่งตรงเข้าหาพญาช้างนั้น ดุจดังชัมภะในกาลก่อน เมื่อศึกกับศักระปะทุขึ้น ได้โถมเข้าหาไอราวตะ จอมคชสารผู้เป็นพาหนะของพระอินทร์

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
Formindeclinable
तत्that (one/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वैindeed, surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
Formindeclinable
द्विरदम्elephant
द्विरदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विरद
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
महात्माthe great-souled one
महात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्रत्युद्ययौadvanced against / charged at
प्रत्युद्ययौ:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उद्-या
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
त्वरमाणःhastening
त्वरमाणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वरमाण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular (present participle of √त्वर्)
जयायfor victory
जयाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootजय
Formmasculine, dative, singular
जम्भःJambha (asura)
जम्भः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजम्भ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular (proper name)
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formindeclinable
शक्र-समागमेin the encounter/battle with Śakra (Indra)
शक्र-समागमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशक्रसमागम
Formmasculine, locative, singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
Formindeclinable
नागेन्द्रम्lord of elephants / king of nāgas
नागेन्द्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनागेन्द्र
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
ऐरावणम्Airāvata
ऐरावणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऐरावण
Formmasculine, accusative, singular (proper name)
इन्द्र-वाहम्Indra's mount
इन्द्र-वाहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रवाह
Formmasculine, accusative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
M
Mahātmā (the heroic attacker; contextually Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna in this episode)
D
Dvirada (elephant)
J
Jambha
Ś
Śakra (Indra)
A
Airāvata
I
Indra

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights purposeful action in war: the hero advances with clear intent (jayāya) and unwavering resolve. By invoking a mythic parallel (Jambha charging Airāvata), it underscores that courage in a dharmic battlefield is measured not only by strength but by steadfastness in the face of formidable, almost divine opposition.

Sanjaya describes a decisive charge: the great warrior rushes directly at an elephant in the thick of battle, eager to secure victory. The action is intensified through comparison to Jambha’s legendary assault on Indra’s elephant Airāvata when combat erupted with Indra.