Shloka 152
Devanagari script
धृतराष्ट उवाच प्रागेव सुमहत् कर्म द्रौणिरेतन्महारथ: । नाकरोदीदृशं कस्मान्मत्पुत्रविजये धृत:,राजा धृतराष्ट्रने पूछा--संजय! अश्वत्थामा तो मेरे पुत्रको विजय दिलानेका दृढ़ निश्चय कर चुका था। फिर उस महारथी वीरने पहले ही ऐसा महान् पराक्रम क्यों नहीं किया?
Translation
ธฤตราษฏระตรัสว่า “สัญชัย! อัศวัตถามา บุตรแห่งโทรณะ ได้ตั้งใจแน่วแน่เพื่อชัยชนะของบุตรเราแล้ว เหตุใดมหารถีผู้นั้นจึงไม่แสดงมหาวีรกรรมเช่นนี้ตั้งแต่ก่อน?”
Word by Word
धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्राक्earlier / beforehand
प्राक्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राक्
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सुमहत्very great
सुमहत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मdeed / act
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
द्रौणिःDrauṇi (Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa)
द्रौणिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
महारथःgreat chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अकरोत्did / performed
अकरोत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ईदृशम्such (a deed) like this
ईदृशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कस्मात्why? / from what reason?
कस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
मत्my
मत्:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular, —
पुत्रof (my) son
पुत्र:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विजयेin (the matter of) victory
विजये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविजय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
धृतःresolved / determined
धृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
धृतराष्ट उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes