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Shloka 10

सभा-पर्व, अध्याय 56: विदुरस्य द्यूत-निन्दा

Vidura’s Censure of Dicing and Warning to the Kurus

न व्याधयो नापि यम: प्राप्तुं श्रेय: प्रतीक्षते । यावदेव भवेत्‌ कल्पस्तावच्छेय: समाचरेत्‌,रोग अथवा यमराज इस बातकी प्रतीक्षा नहीं करते कि इसने श्रेय प्राप्त कर लिया या नहीं। अतः जबतक अपनेमें सामर्थ्य हो, तभीतक अपने हितका साधन कर लेना चाहिये

na vyādhayo nāpi yamaḥ prāptuṃ śreyaḥ pratīkṣate | yāvad eva bhavet kalpas tāvac chreyaḥ samācaret |

ทุรโยธนะกล่าวว่า “โรคภัยไม่รอคอย และยมก็ไม่รอคอยว่าใครจักบรรลุศฺเรยัสแล้วหรือไม่ เพราะฉะนั้นตราบใดที่ยังมีกำลังและโอกาสอยู่ พึงเร่งประกอบศฺเรยัส—ความเกื้อกูลอันแท้จริง—ให้สำเร็จ”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
व्याधयःdiseases
व्याधयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
यमःYama (Death)
यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राप्तुम्to obtain
प्राप्तुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
Formतुमुन्, Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral (infinitive)
श्रेयःthe good, welfare, highest good
श्रेयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रतीक्षतेwaits for
प्रतीक्षते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + ईक्ष्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
यावत्as long as
यावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत्
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भवेत्may be / should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कल्पःability, fitness, capacity
कल्पः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकल्प
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तावत्so long / that long
तावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतावत्
श्रेयःthe good, welfare
श्रेयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समाचरेत्should practice/perform
समाचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + चर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
Y
Yama

Educational Q&A

Life is uncertain: illness and death do not wait for one to become ready or to complete one’s higher aims. Therefore one should pursue śreyas—true welfare and right conduct—without delay, while strength and opportunity remain.

In the Sabha Parva context, Duryodhana speaks in a reflective, exhortative tone, emphasizing urgency: since death can arrive at any time, one should act promptly to secure one’s perceived good. The statement functions as a moral maxim within the unfolding political and ethical tensions of the assembly.