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Shloka 52

Adhyāya 33: Antarvedī-Samāgama, Arghya-Nirṇaya, and Śiśupāla’s Objection

गवां शतसहस्राणि शयनानां च भारत । रुक्मस्य योषितां चैव धर्मराज: पृथग्‌ ददौ,भारत! धर्मराज युधिष्ठिरने एक लाख गौएँ, उतनी ही शब्याएँ, एक लाख स्वर्णमुद्राएँ तथा उतनी ही अविवाहित युवतियाँ पृथक्‌-पृथक्‌ ब्राह्मणोंको दान की

gavāṁ śata-sahasrāṇi śayanānāṁ ca bhārata | rukmasya yoṣitāṁ caiva dharma-rājaḥ pṛthag dadau ||

โอ ภารตะ! ธรรมราชยูธิษฐิระได้ถวายทานแยกเป็นส่วน ๆ คือ โคเป็นแสน ๆ เช่นเดียวกับที่นอนทั้งหลาย ทั้งทองคำ และหญิงสาวด้วย

गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
शतसहस्राणिhundred-thousands (i.e., one hundred thousand)
शतसहस्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशतसहस्र
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Plural
शयनानाम्of beds/couches
शयनानाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशयन
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
रुक्मस्यof gold (golden)
रुक्मस्य:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरुक्म
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
योषिताम्of women/maidens
योषिताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोषित्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
धर्मराजःKing of Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पृथक्separately
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
ददौgave
ददौ:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bhārata (Janamejaya as addressee)
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
C
cows (go)
B
beds (śayana)
G
gold (rukma)
W
women/maidens (yoṣit)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores dāna as a central royal virtue: a dhārmic king sustains society by generous, properly ordered giving—wealth is treated as a trust to be redistributed in sanctioned ways, especially to uphold ritual and social obligations.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Yudhiṣṭhira, in the course of grand ceremonial giving, distributes vast quantities of valuable gifts—cows, beds, gold, and maidens—explicitly ‘separately,’ emphasizing systematic, formal donation.