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Shloka 403

अभ्यवर्तन्त संरब्धान्‌ वृषाञ्जित्वा यथा वृषा: । उन सबने आपके सैनिकोंको पीठ दिखाकर भागते देख उनका उसी प्रकार पीछा किया, जैसे साँड़ रोषमें भरे हुए दूसरे साँड्रोंको जीतकर उन्हें खदेड़ने लगते हैं

abhyavartanta saṃrabdhān vṛṣāñ jitvā yathā vṛṣāḥ |

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า: ครั้นเห็นทหารของท่านหันหลังหนี พวกเขาก็โหมไล่ติดตามอย่างไม่ลดละ—ดุจโคถึกที่เดือดดาล เมื่อปราบโคถึกคู่ต่อสู้ได้แล้วก็ขับไล่ให้กระเจิง.

अभ्यवर्तन्तthey pursued / they turned towards (in pursuit)
अभ्यवर्तन्त:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√वृत् (वर्तते)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
संरब्धान्enraged, furious
संरब्धान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसंरब्ध (from सम्-√रभ्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वृषान्bulls
वृषान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
जित्वाhaving conquered
जित्वा:
Karma
TypeVerb
Root√जि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
यथाas, just as
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वृषाःbulls
वृषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Y
your soldiers (Kaurava army, implied)
T
the pursuers (opposing warriors, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a battlefield ethic and psychology: when an army loses courage and cohesion and turns its back, the opponent’s aggression intensifies and pursuit becomes inevitable. It warns that fear and disorder magnify defeat, while steadfastness preserves both honor and tactical safety.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the opposing warriors chased the king’s fleeing troops. The pursuit is compared to enraged bulls driving off defeated rivals, emphasizing the force and inevitability of the rout.