Shloka 3
Devanagari script
भूत्वा हि विपुला सेना तावकानां परै: सह | अन्योन्यं समर प्राप्प किंचिच्छेषा विशाम्पते
Transliteration
bhūtvā hi vipulā senā tāvakānāṃ paraiḥ saha | anyonyaṃ samare prāpya kiñciccheṣā viśāṃpate ||
Translation
โอ เจ้าแห่งปวงชน! กองทัพอันใหญ่หลวงของท่าน เมื่อประจัญบานกับกองทัพศัตรูและฟาดฟันกันไปมา บัดนี้ก็ร่อยหรอ เหลือเพียงน้อยนิดเท่านั้น
Word by Word
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), कर्तरि, —, —, —
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
विपुलाvast
विपुला:
TypeAdjective
Rootविपुल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सेनाarmy
सेना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेना (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तावकानाम्of your (side’s) men / of the Kauravas
तावकानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootतावक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
परैःwith the enemies / by the foes
परैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
अन्योन्यम्mutually / each other
अन्योन्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formadverbial accusative
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving reached/encountered
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप् (धातु)
Formल्यप् (absolutive), कर्तरि, —, —, —
किञ्चित्somewhat / a little
किञ्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिञ्चित्
शेषाremaining
शेषा:
TypeAdjective
Rootशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
विशाम्of the people/subjects
विशाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootविश् (प्रातिपदिक: विश्/विश)
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
पतेO lord
पते:
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by viśāṃpate)K
Kaurava army (tāvakāḥ)E
Enemy forces (parāḥ)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse underscores the moral and practical consequence of war: even a mighty force, once locked in mutual slaughter, can quickly dwindle to a mere remnant—highlighting the fragility of power and the heavy cost of adharma-driven conflict.
Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava host, though once immense, has met the opposing army in fierce combat and, through mutual killing, has been left only partially surviving.