Shloka 78

कर्णनिधनवृत्तान्तनिवेदनम् | Reporting Karṇa’s Fall to Yudhiṣṭhira

Devanagari script

जानाति त॑ पाण्डव एष चापि पापं लोके कर्णमसहामन्यै: । ततस्त्वमुक्तो भृशरोषितेन राज्ञा समक्षं परुषाणि पार्थ,ये पाण्डुनन्दन राजा युधिष्छिर जानते हैं कि संसारमें पापी कर्णका सामना करना तुम्हारे सिवा दूसरोंके लिये असम्भव है। पार्थ! इसीलिये अत्यन्त रोषमें भरे हुए राजाने मेरे सामने तुम्हें कटु वचन सुनाये हैं

Transliteration

jānāti taṃ pāṇḍava eṣa cāpi pāpaṃ loke karṇam asahām anyaiḥ | tatas tvam ukto bhṛśaroṣitena rājñā samakṣaṃ paruṣāṇi pārtha ||

Translation

โอ้ปาณฑพ เขาเองก็รู้ว่าในโลกนี้ การเผชิญหน้ากับกรรณะผู้บาปนั้น เป็นสิ่งที่ผู้ใดอื่นนอกจากเจ้าไม่อาจทนรับได้ เพราะฉะนั้น โอ้ปารถะ พระราชาผู้ถูกโทสะอันรุนแรงครอบงำ จึงได้กล่าวถ้อยคำแข็งกร้าวต่อเจ้า ณ เบื้องหน้าของเราเอง

Word by Word

• {'jānāti': 'knows, understands', 'pāṇḍava': 'O son of Pandu

• a Pandava (vocative)', 'eṣa': 'this one

• he (near demonstrative)', 'cāpi': 'and also', 'pāpam': 'sinful, wicked (accusative singular)', 'loke': 'in the world (locative singular)', 'karṇam': 'Karna (accusative singular)', 'asahām': 'unendurable, impossible to bear/face (accusative singular masculine)', 'anyaiḥ': 'by others

• for others (instrumental plural)', 'tataḥ': 'therefore

• from that (reason)', 'tvam': 'you', 'uktaḥ': 'addressed

• spoken to (past passive participle)', 'bhṛśa-roṣitena': 'by one greatly enraged (instrumental singular)', 'rājñā': 'by the king (instrumental singular)', 'samakṣam': 'in the presence of

• before (me/others)', 'paruṣāṇi': 'harsh (words)

• rough, bitter utterances (accusative plural neuter)', 'pārtha': 'O Partha

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva
• Pāṇḍava (Arjuna/Partha)
• Karna
• the king (rājā; contextually Yudhiṣṭhira)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights two ethical points: (1) recognition of unique responsibility—only Arjuna is seen as capable of confronting Karna; and (2) the moral danger of anger—Yudhiṣṭhira’s rage leads to harsh speech, implying the need for restraint even amid justified fear and wartime pressure.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva explains to Arjuna why the king spoke bitterly: the king knows that Karna is a formidable, harmful opponent whom others cannot withstand, so in agitation and desperation he vented harsh words at Arjuna in Vāyudeva’s presence.