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Shloka 31

अध्याय ६० — कर्णस्य पाञ्चाल-सोमक-निग्रहः

Karna’s Suppression of the Panchala–Somaka Forces

अथान्यद्‌ धनुरादाय पुत्रस्ते प्रहसन्निव । धृष्टद्युम्नं शरब्रातै: समन्तात्‌ पर्यवारयत्‌,तदनन्तर आपके पुत्रने हँसते हुए-से दूसरा धनुष हाथमें लेकर अपने बाणसमूहों द्वारा धृष्टद्यम्मको सब ओरसे अवरुद्ध कर दिया

athānyad dhanur ādāya putras te prahasan niva | dhṛṣṭadyumnaṃ śaravrātaiḥ samantāt paryavārayat ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า— ต่อมาโอรสของท่านราวกับแย้มสรวล ได้หยิบคันธนูอีกอันขึ้น แล้วระดมหมู่ศรเข้าปิดล้อมธฤษฏยุมน์ไว้รอบด้าน

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अन्यत्another (one)
अन्यत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आदायhaving taken
आदाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + दा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेof you/your
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
प्रहसन्laughing
प्रहसन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + हस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
धृष्टद्युम्नम्Dhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शरव्रातैःwith masses/hosts of arrows
शरव्रातैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशरव्रात
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
समन्तात्on all sides, all around
समन्तात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्तात्
पर्यवारयत्surrounded, hemmed in, blocked
पर्यवारयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + अव + वृ
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Y
your son (Duryodhana)
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
B
bow
A
arrows

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the battlefield ethic of kṣatriya-dharma: steadfast exertion and tactical resolve under pressure. The ‘as if smiling’ detail underscores confidence (or pride) amid violence, reminding readers how inner disposition can intensify conflict even when actions are framed as duty.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Duryodhana takes up a different bow and, with concentrated volleys of arrows, surrounds and constrains Dhṛṣṭadyumna from all directions, attempting to check his movement and dominate the engagement.