Shloka 48

Karṇa-parva Adhyāya 58 — Arjuna’s Arrow-Storm and Relief of Bhīmasena

Devanagari script

पश्य पार्थ यथा द्रौणि: पार्षतस्य वरध॑ प्रति । यत्नं करोति विपुलं हन्याच्चैनं न संशय:

Transliteration

paśya pārtha yathā drauṇiḥ pārṣatasya varadhaṁ prati | yatnaṁ karoti vipulaṁ hanyāc cainaṁ na saṁśayaḥ ||

Translation

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า “ปารถะ จงดูเถิด—บุตรแห่งโทรณะ (อัศวัตถามา) กำลังทุ่มเทความพยายามอย่างใหญ่หลวงต่อการสังหารบุตรแห่งปารษตะ (ธฤษฏทยุมน์) เขาย่อมฆ่าได้แน่; ไม่มีข้อสงสัย”

Word by Word

• पश्य: see! behold!
• Type: Verb
• Root: पश्
• Form: लोट्, मध्यम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• पार्थ: O Partha (Arjuna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• यथा: how; in what manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• द्रौणिः: Drauni (Ashvatthama), son of Drona
• द्रौणिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रौणि
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पार्षतस्य: of the son of Prishata (Dhrishtadyumna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्षत
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• वधम्: killing; slaying
• वधम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्रति: towards; for; with regard to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति

• यत्नम्: effort
• यत्नम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यत्न
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• करोति: does; makes
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: लट्, प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• विपुलम्: great; abundant
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपुल
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• हन्यात्: would/could kill
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एनम्: him (this person)
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• संशयः: doubt
• Type: Noun
• Root: संशय
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• Drauṇi (Aśvatthāman)
• Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the decisive power of focused effort in war and the sobering reality that even prominent warriors can fall when confronted by a relentless adversary—inviting reflection on the ethical weight of vengeance and the fragility of human standing amid battlefield fate.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya draws Arjuna’s attention to Aśvatthāman (Droṇa’s son) making a powerful, concentrated assault against Dhṛṣṭadyumna (called Pārṣata), asserting that Aśvatthāman is capable of killing him without doubt.