Shloka 33

अर्जुनस्य शीघ्रप्रयाणं भीम-शकुनियुद्धं च

Arjuna’s Rapid Advance and the Bhīma–Śakuni Encounter

Devanagari script

रथं सोपस्करं छत्रं शक्ति खड्गं गदां ध्वजम्‌

Transliteration

rathaṃ sopaskaraṃ chatraṃ śaktiṃ khaḍgaṃ gadāṃ dhvajam

Translation

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า—ราชรถพร้อมเครื่องประกอบทั้งปวง ฉัตรหลวง ศักติ ดาบ กระบอง และธงชัย—ทั้งหมดนั้น (อยู่ในมือ/อยู่ต่อหน้าเขา)

Word by Word

• रथम्: chariot
• रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सोपस्करम्: with equipment/gear
• सोपस्करम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-उपस्कर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• छत्रम्: parasol/umbrella
• छत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: छत्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• शक्तिम्: spear/lance
• शक्तिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्ति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• खड्गम्: sword
• खड्गम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: खड्ग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• गदाम्: mace/club
• गदाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गदा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• ध्वजम्: banner/flag
• ध्वजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ध्वज
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• ratha (chariot)
• upaskara (equipment/accoutrements)
• chatra (royal parasol)
• śakti (spear)
• khaḍga (sword)
• gadā (mace)
• dhvaja (banner)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of readiness and responsibility: the warrior’s arms and insignia are not mere ornaments but symbols of pledged duty, public identity, and the grave ethical weight of entering battle.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya lists the chariot and key weapons/insignia being taken up or made ready, a compact inventory that signals imminent combat and frames the scene with the full apparatus of royal warfare.