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Shloka 4

अर्जुनस्य द्रोणिप्रतिघातः कर्णोपसर्पणं च

Arjuna Checks Droṇaputra; Karṇa Advances

त॑ तूर्णमभिधावन्तं पज्चाला जितकाशिन: । प्रत्युद्ययुर्महात्मानं हंसा इव महार्णवम्‌,विजयसे उल्लसित होनेवाले पांचाल वीर शीघ्रतापूर्वक आक्रमण करते हुए महामना कर्णकी अगवानीके लिये उसी प्रकार आगे बढ़े, जैसे हंस महासागरकी ओर बढ़ते हैं

taṁ tūṛṇam abhidhāvantaṁ pāñcālā jitakāśinaḥ | pratyudyayur mahātmānaṁ haṁsā iva mahārṇavam ||

ครั้นมหาตมะกรรณะพุ่งเข้ามาด้วยการจู่โจมอันรวดเร็ว เหล่าวีรชนปัญจาละผู้ปลาบปลื้มด้วยชัยชนะก็เคลื่อนออกไปต้อนรับประจัญหน้า ดุจหงส์มุ่งสู่มหาสมุทรอันกว้างใหญ่

तंhim
तं:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तूर्णम्swiftly
तूर्णम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
अभिधावन्तम्rushing towards (attacking)
अभिधावन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-धाव्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
पाञ्चालाःthe Panchalas
पाञ्चालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जितकाशिनःwho had conquered Kashi
जितकाशिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजित-काशि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रत्युद्ययुःwent forth to meet / advanced against
प्रत्युद्ययुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उद्-या
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
महात्मानम्the great-souled one
महात्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हंसाःswans
हंसाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहंस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवas if / like
इव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महार्णवम्the great ocean
महार्णवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-अर्णव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
P
Pāñcālas
M
mahārṇava (the great ocean)
H
haṁsa (swans)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of meeting force with readiness and courage: opponents do not shrink back but advance to face the oncoming threat. Ethically, it reflects the Mahābhārata’s war-world where valor and resolve are praised even amid tragic conflict.

Karṇa charges forward rapidly, and the Pāñcāla warriors—buoyed by prior successes—move out to confront him. The poet compares their forward movement to swans gliding toward the vast ocean, emphasizing coordinated, confident advance.