Shloka 60

Karṇa’s advance against the Pāṇḍava host; Arjuna’s clash with the Saṃśaptakas (कर्णस्य पाण्डवसेनाप्रवेशः—अर्जुनस्य संशप्तकसंप्रहारः)

Devanagari script

कुमारपित्रे त्रयक्षाय प्रवरायुधधारिणे । प्रपन्नार्तिविनाशाय ब्रह्मद्धिट्संघधातिने,“आप कुमार कार्तिकेयके पिता, नत्रिनेत्रधारी, उत्तम आयुध धारण करनेवाले शरणागतदुःखभंजन तथा ब्रह्मद्रोहियोंके समुदायका विनाश करनेवाले हैं। आपको नमस्कार है

Transliteration

kumāra-pitre tryakṣāya pravarāyudha-dhāriṇe | prapannārti-vināśāya brahma-dhṛk-saṅgha-ghātine ||

Translation

ขอคารวะพระองค์ ผู้เป็นบิดาแห่งกุมาร (การ์ตติเกยะ) ผู้มีสามเนตร ผู้ทรงอาวุธอันประเสริฐ; ผู้ทำลายความทุกข์ของผู้มาขอพึ่ง และผู้ปราบหมู่ชนผู้เป็นปฏิปักษ์ต่อพรหมันและระเบียบศักดิ์สิทธิ์.

Word by Word

कुमारपित्रेto the father of Kumāra (Skanda)

त्र्यक्षायto the three-eyed one

प्रवरायुधधारिणेto the bearer of excellent weapons

प्रपन्नार्तिविनाशायto the destroyer of the distress of those who seek refuge

ब्रह्मद्विट्संघधातिनेto the slayer of the host of brahma-haters (enemies of Brahmins/Brahman)

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Duryodhana

Śiva (Tryakṣa)

Kumāra (Kārttikeya/Skanda)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames Śiva as the ethical protector of those who sincerely seek refuge (prapanna) and as the upholder of sacred order by destroying forces that violate Brahman/Vedic righteousness. It highlights the ideal that power is legitimate when used to relieve the afflicted and restrain adharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the midst of the Karṇa Parva war context, Duryodhana offers a laudatory invocation to Śiva, addressing him through epithets (father of Kumāra, three-eyed, wielder of supreme weapons) and seeking divine support by praising Śiva’s role as remover of devotees’ distress and destroyer of impious hosts.