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Shloka 423

त्रिपुरदाह-इतिहासः

Tripura-destruction exemplum and counsel to Śalya

द्राव्यमाणान्यदृश्यन्त सौबलेन महात्मना । महामना शकुनिने घमंडमें भरे हुए उन शस्त्रसम्पन्न महान्‌ सैनिकोंको भगा दिया। यह सब हमने अपनी आँखों देखा

sañjaya uvāca | drāvyamāṇāny adṛśyanta saubalena mahātmanā | mahāmanā śakuninā ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า— “เหล่านักรบผู้มีอาวุธพร้อมและเต็มไปด้วยความทะนงนั้น ถูกสาบละผู้มีจิตใจยิ่งใหญ่ คือศกุนีผู้มีใจสูง ขับไล่ให้แตกพ่าย เห็นได้ว่าพวกเขาถูกต้อนให้หนีไป ทั้งหมดนี้เราเห็นกับตา”

द्राव्यमाणानिbeing driven away / being put to flight
द्राव्यमाणानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्राव्यमाण (√द्रु/द्राव् + यमाण, कर्मणि वर्तमानकृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अदृश्यन्तwere seen / appeared
अदृश्यन्त:
TypeVerb
Root√दृश् (लङ्, आत्मनेपद)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Atmanepada
सौबलेनby the son of Subala (Shakuni)
सौबलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसौबल (शकुनि-सम्बन्धी)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महात्मनाby the great-souled one
महात्मना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
S
Shakuni (Saubala, son of Subala)
S
Subala

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how pride and mere armament do not guarantee steadiness in battle; resolve and tactical force can scatter even well-equipped fighters. Ethically, it underscores the Mahabharata’s recurring warning against overconfidence (mada/garva) amid the demands of kshatriya conduct.

Sanjaya reports to Dhritarashtra what he witnessed on the battlefield: Shakuni, identified as Saubala (son of Subala), drove opposing warriors into flight, and this rout was plainly visible to the observers.