Mahabharata 7.13.19 — Drona Parva, Adhyaya 13, Shloka 19

Droṇa’s sweeping assault and the Abhimanyu–Jayadratha close-quarters episode (द्रोणस्य भीषणव्यचरितम् / सौभद्र-जयद्रथ-संनिपातः)

Devanagari script

ततः प्रववृते युद्ध तुमुलं लोमहर्षणम्‌ । पाण्डवानां कुरूणां च द्रोणपाउचाल्ययोरपि

Transliteration

tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ tumulaṁ lomaharṣaṇam | pāṇḍavānāṁ kurūṇāṁ ca droṇapāñcālyayor api | āptair āśu parijñātaṁ bhāradvājacikīrṣitam ||

Translation

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า “แล้วสงครามอันดุเดือด โกลาหล และชวนให้ขนลุกก็ปะทุขึ้น ระหว่างปาณฑพกับกุรุ และระหว่างโทรณะกับแม่ทัพแห่งปัญจาลด้วย และด้วยผู้ที่ไว้วางใจ ก็ทราบโดยเร็วถึงเจตนาของบุตรแห่งภารทวาชะ คือโทรณะ”

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• प्रववृते: arose, began
• प्रववृते: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र+वृत्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3, Singular, Atmanepada

• युद्धम्: battle
• युद्धम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तुमुलम्: tumultuous
• तुमुलम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुमुल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• लोमहर्षणम्: hair-raising, thrilling
• लोमहर्षणम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लोमहर्षण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• पाण्डवानाम्: of the Pāṇḍavas
• पाण्डवानाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• कुरूणाम्: of the Kurus
• कुरूणाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• द्रोण: of Droṇa
• द्रोण: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• पाञ्चाल्ययोः: of the Pāñcālya (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) and (his side)
• पाञ्चाल्ययोः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाञ्चाल्य
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Dual

• अपि: also, even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• आप्तैः: by trusted (persons)
• आप्तैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आप्त
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• आशु: quickly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आशु

• परिज्ञातम्: fully known, ascertained
• परिज्ञातम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि+ज्ञा
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• भारद्वाज: of Bhāradvāja (Droṇa)
• भारद्वाज: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारद्वाज
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• चिकीर्षितम्: intended act, what was wished to be done
• चिकीर्षितम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चिकीर्षित
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'rājan')
• Pāṇḍavas
• Kurus/Kauravas
• Droṇācārya (Bhāradvāja)
• Pāñcāla
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna (implied by 'Pāñcālya')
• Yudhiṣṭhira (from the accompanying Gītā Press narrative gloss)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights that in war, vows and personal objectives can inflame mass violence, but responsible leadership must counter this with vigilance and timely intelligence. Ethically, it points to the tension between martial resolve and the duty to protect rightful order (dharma) by anticipating threats rather than reacting blindly.

What is happening in the narrative?

A fierce battle erupts among the Pāṇḍavas and Kurus, with a focused confrontation involving Droṇa and the Pāñcāla leader (Dhṛṣṭadyumna). Yudhiṣṭhira, learning Droṇa’s intended plan through trusted agents, prepares amid the escalating clash.