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Shloka 52

Droṇa–Arjuna Yuddha; Trigarta-Āvaraṇa; Bhīmasena Gajānīka-bheda

Droṇa and Arjuna Engage; Trigarta Containment; Bhīma Breaks the Elephant Corps

किरन्तो विविधान्‌ बाणान्‌ शस्त्राणि विविधानि च । तत्पश्चात्‌ पाण्डव-सैनिक भीमसेनको आगे करके नाना प्रकारके बाणों तथा अस्त्र- शस्त्रोंकी वर्षा करते हुए भगदत्तपर टूट पड़े ।।

sañjaya uvāca | teṣām āpatatāṃ rājan saṃkruddhānām amarṣiṇām | taṃ ghoram siṃhanādaṃ śrutvā mahādhanurdharo bhagadatto ’marṣavaśād abhayaṃ gajam eṣāṃ prati prāhiṇot ||

ต่อจากนั้น กองทัพปาณฑพตั้งภีมเสนะไว้เบื้องหน้า แล้วโปรยปรายศรนานาชนิดและอาวุธต่าง ๆ ดุจห่าฝน ก่อนพุ่งเข้าหาภคทัตตะ. ข้าแต่พระราชา! เมื่อเหล่านักรบผู้เดือดดาล ไม่ยอมทนต่อการหยามหมิ่นนั้น โถมบุกเข้ามา—

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
आपतताम्of those rushing/attacking
आपतताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootआपत् (आ + पत्)
Formpresent active participle, masculine, genitive, plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
संक्रुद्धानाम्of the enraged
संक्रुद्धानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसंक्रुध् (सम् + क्रुध्)
Formpast passive participle, masculine, genitive, plural
अमर्षिणाम्of the intolerant/resentful
अमर्षिणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअमर्षिन्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra
P
Pandavas (Pandava army)
B
Bhagadatta
E
Elephant (Bhagadatta's war-elephant)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how anger and wounded honor (amarṣa) can become a powerful motivator in war, producing fearlessness and decisive action; ethically, it warns that such resolve may arise not only from dharma but also from pride and indignation.

As the enraged Pandava forces surge forward with a fierce battle-cry, Bhagadatta—renowned as a great archer—hears it and, without fear, drives his war-elephant straight toward them to meet their assault.