Shloka 9

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय ७२: सैन्यगुणवर्णनम्, व्यूहरक्षा, दैव-पुरुषकारचिन्ता

Devanagari script

शीर्षे तस्याभवद्‌ वीर: सात्यकि: सत्यविक्रम: । विधुन्वन्‌ गाण्डिवं पार्थों ग्रीवायामभवत्‌ तदा,शिरोभागमें सत्यपराक्रमी वीर सात्यकि और ग्रीवाभागमें गाण्डीवधनुषकी टंकार करते हुए कुन्तीकुमार अर्जुन खड़े हुए

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca |

śīrṣe tasyābhavad vīraḥ sātyakiḥ satyavikramaḥ |

vidhunvan gāṇḍīvaṃ pārtho grīvāyām abhavat tadā ||

Translation

ที่ส่วนศีรษะของกระบวนทัพนั้นมีสาตยกี วีรบุรุษผู้มีวีรกรรมสัตย์จริงยืนอยู่ และที่ส่วนคอคือพารถะ (อรชุน) ผู้สั่นคันธนูกาณฑีวให้กึกก้อง

Word by Word

• शीर्षे: on (the) head/top
• शीर्षे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शीर्षन्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• तस्य: of him/of that
• तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• अभवत्: was/became
• अभवत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• वीरः: the hero
• वीरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सात्यकिः: Satyaki
• सात्यकिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्यकि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सत्यविक्रमः: of true valor
• सत्यविक्रमः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्यविक्रम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विधुन्वन्: shaking/brandishing
• विधुन्वन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + धुन्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• गाण्डिवम्: the Gandiva (bow)
• गाण्डिवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गाण्डिव
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पार्थः: Partha (Arjuna)
• पार्थः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ग्रीवायाम्: at/on the neck
• ग्रीवायाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रीवा
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• अभवत्: was/became
• अभवत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तदा: then/at that time
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Sātyaki
• Arjuna (Pārtha)
• Gāṇḍīva

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights disciplined leadership in righteous conflict: capable warriors are placed where their strengths best serve the whole, and Arjuna’s sounding of Gāṇḍīva functions as a public vow of readiness—courage guided by duty rather than impulse.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes positions within a battle array: Sātyaki stands at the ‘head’ of the formation, while Arjuna stands at its ‘neck,’ shaking the Gāṇḍīva so it resounds, marking the moment the formation is set and the warriors are poised for engagement.