Shloka 51

Arjuna’s Advance toward Bhīṣma; The Gāṇḍīva’s Signal and the Armies’ Convergence (भीष्माभिमुखगमनम् — गाण्डीवनिर्घोष-ध्वजवर्णनम्)

Devanagari script

ततस्तु नृपतिः क्रुद्धों भीमसेनं स्तनान्तरे

Transliteration

tatastu nṛpatiḥ kruddho bhīmasenaṃ stanāntare

Translation

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า—แล้วพระราชาผู้เดือดดาลก็โจมตีภีมเสนตรงกลางอก; เพราะความโกรธในสนามรบย่อมผลักดันแม้กษัตริย์ให้ละทิ้งความยับยั้งชั่งใจ แล้วลงมือทำร้ายกายกันโดยตรง

Word by Word

• ततः: thereupon/then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततस्
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु
• Form: Avyaya (particle)

• नृपतिः: the king
• नृपतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपति
• Form: Masculine, nominative singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, nominative singular (agreeing with नृपतिः); past passive participle from √क्रुध्

• भीमसेनम्: Bhimasena
• भीमसेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, accusative singular

• स्तनान्तरे: in the middle of the chest/between the breasts
• स्तनान्तरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तनान्तर
• Form: Neuter, locative singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• nṛpati (the king)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how krodha (anger) can overtake judgment in war, pushing a ruler toward immediate physical aggression; it implicitly contrasts impulsive wrath with the ideal of disciplined, dharmic conduct even in battle.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that an enraged king attacks Bhīmasena, aiming at his chest/torso, marking an intense moment of close combat within the Bhīṣma Parva battle narration.