Shloka 15

संनिवृत्ते तव सुते सर्व एव जनाधिपा: । आर्जुनिं रथवंशेन समन्तात्‌ पर्यवारयन्‌,आपके पुत्र दुर्योधनके उधर लौटनेपर कौरव-पक्षके सभी नरेशोंने विशाल रथ-सेनाके द्वारा अर्जुनकुमार अभिमन्युको सब ओरसे घेर लिया

saṁnivṛtte tava sute sarva eva janādhipāḥ | ārjunīṁ rathavaṁśena samantāt paryavārayan |

ครั้นโอรสของท่านหันกลับแล้ว บรรดากษัตริย์ฝ่ายเการพทั้งปวงก็จัดกองทัพรถศึกอันใหญ่หลวง เข้าล้อมอภิมันยุ โอรสแห่งอรชุน ไว้โดยรอบทุกทิศ

संनिवृत्तेwhen (he) had returned
संनिवृत्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसंनिवृत्त (सम्-नि-√वृत्)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
सुतेson (being/when the son was)
सुते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
जनाधिपाःkings (lords of men)
जनाधिपाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजनाधिप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आर्जुनिम्the son/descendant of Arjuna (Abhimanyu)
आर्जुनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआर्जुनि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथवंशेनby a line/array of chariots
रथवंशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथवंश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
समन्तात्on all sides/from all around
समन्तात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्तात्
पर्यवारयन्they surrounded/hemmed in
पर्यवारयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-√वृ (वारयति)
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'your')
D
Duryodhana
A
Abhimanyu
A
Arjuna
K
Kaurava kings (collective)
C
chariot forces (ratha-s)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how collective power and tactical encirclement can be used to isolate a single warrior; ethically, it raises the tension between battlefield strategy and fairness, foreshadowing the moral scrutiny that often accompanies attacks by many against one.

After Duryodhana turns back, the Kaurava-aligned kings coordinate their chariot troops to surround Arjuna’s son Abhimanyu from every direction, aiming to trap him and prevent escape or support.