Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 13

Bhīmasena’s Kalinga Engagement and the Approach of Bhīṣma (भीमसेन-कालिङ्ग-संग्रामः)

सम्यक्‌ प्रणीता नागाश्च प्रभिन्नकरटामुखा: । ऋष्टितोमरनाराचैर्निविंद्धा वरवारणा:,गजानां पादरक्षास्तु व्यूढोरस्का: प्रहारिण: । ऋष्टिभि श्र थनुर्भिश्च विमलैश्नव परश्वधै:

saṃyak praṇītā nāgāś ca prabhinnakaraṭāmukhāḥ | ṛṣṭitomaranārācair niviṃddhā varavāraṇāḥ, gajānāṃ pādarakṣās tu vyūḍhoraskāḥ prahāriṇaḥ | ṛṣṭibhiḥ śaradhanurbhiś ca vimalaiś nava-paraśvadhaiḥ |

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า—ช้างทั้งหลายถูกขับเคลื่อนอย่างชำนาญ กกหูและขมับชุ่มด้วยน้ำเมามันเมื่อพุ่งเข้าชน ช้างศึกอันโอ่อ่านั้นถูกแทงด้วยหอก โตมร และศรปลายเหล็ก ส่วนทหารผู้พิทักษ์เท้าช้าง—อกผาย ผู้ชำนาญการฟันแทง—ยังคงรบด้วยหอก คันศรและลูกศร และขวานคมวาวที่เพิ่งลับใหม่

सम्यक्properly, well
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
FormAvyaya
प्रणीताled/controlled
प्रणीता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-नी (धातु) → प्रणीता
FormFeminine, nominative, plural
नागाःelephants
नागाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya
प्रभिन्नsplit/burst open (with rut)
प्रभिन्न:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-भिद् (धातु) → प्रभिन्न
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
करटtemple (of an elephant)
करट:
TypeNoun
Rootकरट
FormMasculine, nominative, plural (in compound)
मुखाःhaving faces/temples (so-and-so)
मुखाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुख
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
ऋष्टिspears
ऋष्टि:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootऋष्टि
FormFeminine, instrumental, plural (in compound)
तोमरjavelins
तोमर:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतोमर
FormMasculine, instrumental, plural (in compound)
नाराचैःwith arrows (iron-shafted)
नाराचैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनाराच
FormMasculine, instrumental, plural
निविद्धाःpierced
निविद्धाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-व्यध् (धातु) → निविद्ध
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
वरexcellent
वर:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, nominative, plural (in compound)
वारणाःelephants
वारणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवारण
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
गजानाम्of elephants
गजानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, genitive, plural
पादfoot
पाद:
TypeNoun
Rootपाद
FormMasculine, genitive, singular (in compound)
रक्षाःguards/protectors
रक्षाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षा
FormFeminine, nominative, plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
FormAvyaya
व्यूढarrayed/formed
व्यूढ:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-ऊह् (धातु) → व्यूढ
FormMasculine, nominative, plural (in compound)
उरस्काःbroad-chested / with chests (so-and-so)
उरस्काः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउरस्
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
प्रहारिणःstrikers/attackers
प्रहारिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-हृ (धातु) → प्रहारिन्
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
ऋष्टिभिःwith spears
ऋष्टिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootऋष्टि
FormFeminine, instrumental, plural
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, instrumental, plural
धनुर्भिःwith bows
धनुर्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, instrumental, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya
विमलैःbright/clean
विमलैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootविमल
FormMasculine/Neuter, instrumental, plural
नवnew
नव:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनव
FormMasculine/Neuter, instrumental, plural (in compound)
परश्वधैःwith axes
परश्वधैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपरश्वध
FormMasculine, instrumental, plural

संजय उवाच

S
saṃjaya
N
nāga (elephants)
V
vara-vāraṇa (noble tuskers)
G
gaja-pāda-rakṣāḥ (elephant foot-guards)
ṛṣṭi (spear)
T
tomara (javelin)
N
nārāca (iron-pointed arrow)
Ś
śara (arrow)
D
dhanuḥ (bow)
P
paraśvadha (axe)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the disciplined execution of martial duty—elephants are driven forward and protected by assigned infantry—while also revealing the harsh ethical reality of war: even magnificent creatures and their guards become targets, and skillful organization does not lessen the suffering inherent in violence.

Sanjaya narrates a battlefield moment where charging elephants in musth are advanced into combat, get struck by spears, javelins, and iron-pointed arrows, and their accompanying foot-guards fight fiercely with spears, bows and arrows, and newly sharpened axes.