Shloka 53

भीष्मविक्रमदर्शनं तथा क्रौञ्चारुणव्यूहविधानम् | Bhīṣma’s Ascendancy and the Organization of the Krauñcāruṇa Formation

Devanagari script

अहंकार बल दर्प काम॑ क्रोध॑ परिग्रहम्‌ विमुच्य निर्मम: शान्तो ब्रह्म भूयाय कल्पते

Transliteration

ahaṅkāra-bala-darpa-kāma-krodha-parigraham vimucya nirmamaḥ śānto brahma-bhūyāya kalpate |

Translation

ผู้ใดสลัดทิ้งอหังการ ความทะนงในกำลัง ความโอหัง ตัณหา โทสะ และความยึดถือครอบครอง เป็นผู้ไร้ความรู้สึกว่า “ของเรา” และตั้งมั่นในความสงบภายใน ผู้นั้นย่อมเป็นผู้ควรแก่การดำรงอยู่ในพรหมัน

Word by Word

• अहंकारम्: egoism
• अहंकारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहंकार
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• बलम्: strength (pride of strength)
• बलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• दर्पम्: arrogance
• दर्पम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दर्प
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• कामम्: desire
• कामम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• क्रोधम्: anger
• क्रोधम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• परिग्रहम्: possessiveness/acceptance of possessions
• परिग्रहम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिग्रह
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विमुच्य: having abandoned/released
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+मुच्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• निर्ममः: free from 'mine'-ness
• निर्ममः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्मम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शान्तः: peaceful
• शान्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शान्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ब्रह्म: Brahman
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• भूयाय: may become
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular

• कल्पते: is fit/qualified
• Type: Verb
• Root: कॢप्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna
• Brahman

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that spiritual fitness for Brahman is grounded in ethical self-purification: abandoning egoism, pride, arrogance, desire, anger, and possessiveness, and becoming free from ‘mine-ness’ and established in peace.

What is happening in the narrative?

Arjuna is speaking within the Bhīṣma Parva context, voicing (in a didactic register) a teaching about inner discipline and renunciation—shifting attention from external conflict to conquering the inner causes of bondage.