Shloka 11

भीष्मपतनविषये धृतराष्ट्रस्य प्रश्नाः | Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Questions on Bhīṣma’s Fall

Devanagari script

तेष्वनीकेषु यत्तिषु व्यूकेषु च विधानत: । दुर्योधनो महाराज दुःशासनमथाब्रवीत्‌

Transliteration

teṣv anīkeṣu yattiṣu vyūḍheṣu ca vidhānataḥ | duryodhano mahārāja duḥśāsanam athābravīt ||

Translation

ข้าแต่มหาราช เมื่อกองทัพทั้งปวงจัดกระบวนทัพตามแบบแผนเป็นหมู่เป็นเหล่าเข้าที่ของตนแล้ว ท้าวทุรโยธน์จึงตรัสกับทุษศาสน์

Word by Word

• तेषु: in those
• तेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: all, Locative, Plural

• अनीकेषु: in the armies/divisions
• अनीकेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनीक
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• यत्तिषु: in the positions/arrangements
• यत्तिषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यत्ति
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Plural

• व्यूहेषु: in the battle-formations
• व्यूहेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यूह
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• विधानतः: according to rule/prescription
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधान

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• दुःशासनम्: Duhshasana
• दुःशासनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःशासन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अथ: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Duryodhana
• Duḥśāsana
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even when actions follow established rules (vidhānataḥ), ethical responsibility remains with leaders; lawful procedure in war does not by itself guarantee righteousness of purpose.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that both sides’ forces have taken their positions in formal battle formations, and at that moment Duryodhana turns to speak to his brother Duḥśāsana.