Shloka 37

Devanagari script

ततस्तस्मिन्‌ क्षणे राजंश्वोदितो वानरध्वज: । सध्वजं सरयथं साक्षर भीष्ममन्तर्दधे शरै:

Transliteration

tatas tasmin kṣaṇe rājan śvodito vānaradhvajaḥ | sadhvajaṃ sarathaṃ sākṣar bhīṣmam antardadhe śaraiḥ ||

Translation

ข้าแต่พระราชา! ครั้นได้รับแรงดลใจจากพระผู้เป็นเจ้า อรชุนผู้มีธงวานร ก็ลุกขึ้นในบัดดล แล้วโปรยศรเป็นห่าฝนปกคลุมภีษมะไว้สิ้น—ทั้งธง รถศึก และม้าศึก

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, locative, singular

• क्षणे: moment
• क्षणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षण
• Form: masculine, locative, singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• उदितः: risen, arisen
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदित
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• वानरध्वजः: the one with the monkey-banner (Arjuna)
• वानरध्वजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर-ध्वज
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• सध्वजम्: together with the banner
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-ध्वज
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• सरथम्: together with the chariot
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-रथ
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• साक्षरम्: together with the horses
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-अश्व
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• भीष्मम्: Bhishma
• भीष्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• अन्तर्दधे: covered, concealed (made disappear from view)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अन्तर्धा (धातु: धा)
• Form: perfect (liṭ), third, singular, parasmaipada

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Arjuna (Vānaradhvaja)
• Bhīṣma
• banner/standard (dhvaja)
• chariot (ratha)
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores disciplined martial duty: even against a revered elder like Bhīṣma, Arjuna acts decisively within the rules of war, showing controlled strength rather than uncontrolled anger.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Arjuna, identified by the monkey on his banner, suddenly springs into action and showers arrows so densely that Bhīṣma—along with his chariot and banner—appears hidden from view.