Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 3

Bhīṣma’s Fall, the Arrow-bed (śara-talpa), and the Establishment of Guard

निमित्तानि निमित्तज्ञ: सर्वतो वीक्ष्य वीर्यवान्‌ प्रतपन्तमनीकानि द्रोण: पुत्रमभाषत

nimittāni nimittajñaḥ sarvato vīkṣya vīryavān | pratapantam anīkāni droṇaḥ putram abhāṣata ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า: โทฺรณะผู้เกรียงไกรและรู้ชำนาญในลางบอกเหตุ ได้กวาดสายตามองสัญญาณรอบด้าน ครั้นเห็นกระบวนทัพอันลุกโชนด้วยเดชศึก จึงกล่าวแก่บุตรของตน

निमित्तानिomens, signs
निमित्तानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिमित्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
निमित्तज्ञःknower of omens
निमित्तज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिमित्तज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वतःon all sides, from every direction
सर्वतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
वीक्ष्यhaving looked/observed
वीक्ष्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Root√ईक्ष् (वीक्ष्)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
वीर्यवान्valiant, powerful
वीर्यवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवीर्यवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतपन्तम्blazing, shining forth
प्रतपन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Root√तप् (प्रतप्)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
अनीकानिarmies, battle-formations
अनीकानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभाषतspoke (to), addressed
अभाषत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√भाष्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa
A
Aśvatthāman
A
anīkāni (battle-formations/armies)
N
nimittāni (omens)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights prudent leadership: before decisive action, a responsible commander observes circumstances and interprets signs (nimitta) rather than acting blindly. It suggests that power and duty should be guided by discernment, acknowledging both human agency and the larger currents that may be indicated by omens.

Sañjaya narrates that Droṇa, noticing various portents and surveying the battlefield where the armies are intensely engaged, turns to address his son Aśvatthāman—setting up an instruction, warning, or strategic counsel in response to what he perceives.