Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 18

Bhīṣma’s Fall, the Arrow-bed (śara-talpa), and the Establishment of Guard

अब्रवीच्च पुरा भीष्मो नाहं हन्यां शिखण्डिनम्‌ । स्त्री होषा विहिता धात्रा दैवाच्च स पुनः पुमान्‌,'भीष्मने पहले ही यह कह दिया था कि मैं शिखण्डीको नहीं मारूँगा; क्योंकि विधाताने इसे स्त्री ही बनाया था। फिर भाग्यवश यह पुरुष हो गया

abravīc ca purā bhīṣmo nāhaṁ hanyāṁ śikhaṇḍinam | strī hy eṣā vihitā dhātrā daivāc ca sa punaḥ pumān ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า “ภีษมะได้ประกาศไว้แต่กาลก่อนว่า ‘เราจะไม่ประหารศิขัณฑิน เพราะผู้สร้างได้กำหนดให้ผู้นี้เกิดเป็นสตรี ครั้นต่อมาด้วยอำนาจแห่งชะตากรรมจึงกลับเป็นบุรุษ’”

अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुराformerly/earlier
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formत्रिलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
हन्याम्would kill / should kill
हन्याम्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्, उत्तम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
शिखण्डिनम्Shikhandin
शिखण्डिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
स्त्रीa woman
स्त्री:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ह्येषाfor she/this (female)
ह्येषा:
Karta
TypeIndeclinable+Pronoun
Rootहि + एषा (एतद्-प्रातिपदिक)
Form[object Object]
विहिताappointed/made/ordained
विहिता:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + धा (धातु) → विहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
धात्राby the Creator/Ordainer
धात्रा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
दैवात्from fate/by destiny
दैवात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदैव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
पुनःagain/afterwards
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुमान्a man/male
पुमान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुमांस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
D
Dhātṛ (the Creator/Ordainer)
D
Daiva (fate/divine dispensation)

Educational Q&A

Even in war, dharma can impose limits: Bhīṣma upholds a vow not to attack one born female, showing that personal ethical commitments and notions of righteous conduct can restrain violence despite strategic disadvantage.

Sañjaya explains to Dhṛtarāṣṭra why Bhīṣma will not fight Śikhaṇḍin: Bhīṣma had earlier announced he would not kill him because Śikhaṇḍin was originally ordained as a woman, though later—by fate—he became a man.