Shloka 40

Devanagari script

प्रत्युदुगम्याथ विव्याध सात्यकिस्तं शितै: शरै: । पाण्डवप्रियकामार्थ शार्टूल इव कुड्जरम्‌,तब जैसे सिंह हाथीपर आक्रमण करता है, उसी प्रकार सात्यकिने आगे बढ़कर पाण्डुनन्दन अर्जुनका प्रिय करनेके लिये कृपाचार्यको अपने तीखे बाणोंसे घायल कर दिया

Transliteration

pratyudugamyātha vivyādha sātyakis taṃ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ | pāṇḍavapriyakāmārthaṃ śārṭūla iva kuñjaram ||

Translation

ครั้งนั้น สาตยกีรุกออกไปเผชิญหน้า แล้วแทงทะลุเขาด้วยศรคมกล้า เพื่อกระทำสิ่งอันเป็นที่รักของเหล่าปาณฑพ ดุจพยัคฆ์เข้าตะปบช้าง

Word by Word

प्रत्युद्गम्यhaving advanced/come forward

अथthen

विव्याधpierced/wounded

सात्यकिःSātyaki

तम्him

शितैःwith sharp

शरैःarrows

पाण्डवप्रियकामार्थम्for the sake of fulfilling what is dear to the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna)

शार्दूलःa tiger/lion (as a comparison)

इवlike/as

कुञ्जरम्an elephant

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Sātyaki (Yuyudhāna)

Pāṇḍavas

Kṛpācārya (implied by context/tradition)

arrows (śara)

tiger (śārṭūla)

elephant (kuñjara)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights purposeful action in war: Sātyaki’s attack is motivated by allegiance and the aim of protecting/pleasing the Pāṇḍavas, illustrating how battlefield conduct is framed through duty and loyalty rather than private hatred.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sātyaki advances to confront his opponent and wounds him with sharp arrows. The poet intensifies the scene with a simile: Sātyaki is like a tiger, and the opponent like an elephant—conveying ferocity, courage, and the high stakes of the duel.