Shloka 9

Bhārata-varṣa-varṇana

Description of Bhārata: Mountains, Rivers, and Janapadas

Devanagari script

इस प्रकार श्रीमह्याभारत भीष्मपर्वके अन्तर्गत जम्बूखण्डविनिर्माणपर्वमें भारतकी नदियों और देश आदिके नामका वर्णनविषयक नवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | jātaḥ kṛtayuge rājan dhaninaḥ priyadarśanāḥ | prajāyante ca jātāś ca munayo vai tapodhanāḥ ||

Translation

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า “ข้าแต่พระราชา ในกฤตยุค (สัตยยุค) มนุษย์ผู้มั่งคั่งและงามน่าชมย่อมบังเกิด และย่อมมีบุตรหลานมากมาย ในยุคนั้นเอง ฤๅษีผู้มั่งด้วยตบะก็มักบังเกิดอยู่เนืองๆ”

Word by Word

• जाता: born (people)
• जाता: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जात (√जन्)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कृतयुगे: in the Kṛta-yuga
• कृतयुगे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृतयुग
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• धनिनः: wealthy
• धनिनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धनिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रियदर्शनाः: pleasant-looking
• प्रियदर्शनाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रियदर्शन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रजायन्ते: are born / come into being
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√जन्
• Form: Present (Lat), Atmanepada, Third, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• जाताः: born
• जाताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जात (√जन्)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शतम्: a hundred
• शतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• मुनयः: sages
• मुनयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• तपोधनाः: whose wealth is austerity (rich in tapas)
• तपोधनाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तपोधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Rājan (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied addressee)
• Kṛta Yuga (Satya Yuga)
• Munis (sages)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse links the moral quality of an age (yuga) with the kind of beings it produces: in the Kṛta/Satya Yuga, prosperity and pleasing qualities naturally arise, and sages endowed with tapas are prevalent—suggesting that dharma and inner discipline shape social and spiritual flourishing.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya, addressing the king, shifts into a description of yuga-characteristics, stating what kinds of people and sages are typically born in the Kṛta (Satya) Age, as part of a broader explanatory passage in Bhīṣma Parva.