Shloka 55

द्विज सक्तूनिमान्‌ भूय: प्रतिगृह्लीष्व सत्तम । पत्नीके ऐसा कहनेपर ब्राह्मणने सत्तू लेकर अतिथिसे कहा--'साधुपुरुषोंमें श्रेष्ठ ब्राह्मण! आप यह सत्तू भी पुनः ग्रहण कीजिये” ।। ५४ ई ।। स तान्‌ प्रगृह भुक्त्वा च न तुष्टिमगमद्‌ द्विज: । तमुञ्छवृत्तिरालक्ष्य ततश्चिन्तापरो5भवत्‌,अतिथि ब्राह्मण उस सत्तूको भी लेकर खा गया; किंतु संतुष्ट नहीं हुआ। यह देखकर उज्छवृत्तिवाले ब्राह्मणको बड़ी चिन्ता हुई

sa tān pragṛhya bhuktvā ca na tuṣṭim agamad dvijaḥ | tam uñchavṛttir ālakṣya tataś cintāparo 'bhavat ||

ตามคำของภรรยา เจ้าบ้านกล่าวว่า “ข้าแต่ทวิชผู้ประเสริฐ โปรดรับสักตูนี้อีกครั้งเถิด” พราหมณ์รับไปกินแล้ว แต่ก็ยังไม่อิ่ม ครั้นเห็นดังนั้น เจ้าบ้านผู้ดำรงชีพด้วยอุญฉะวฤตติจึงถูกความกังวลครอบงำ.

saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
tānthose (things)
tān:
Karma
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
pragṛhyahaving taken/accepted
pragṛhya:
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√grah
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
bhuktvāhaving eaten
bhuktvā:
TypeVerb
Root√bhuj
FormKtvā (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
tuṣṭimsatisfaction/contentment
tuṣṭim:
Karma
TypeNoun
Roottuṣṭi
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
agamatreached/attained
agamat:
TypeVerb
Root√gam
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
dvijaḥthe Brahmin (twice-born)
dvijaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdvija
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
tamhim/that (person)
tam:
Karma
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
uñchavṛttimone whose livelihood is gleaning (uñcha-living)
uñchavṛttim:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootuñchavṛtti
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ālakṣyahaving noticed/observed
ālakṣya:
TypeVerb
Rootā-√lakṣ
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
tataḥthen/thereupon
tataḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas
cintāparaḥintent on anxiety; full of worry
cintāparaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootcintāpara
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
abhavatbecame
abhavat:
TypeVerb
Root√bhū
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

नकुल उवाच

D
dvija (brahmin guest/atithi)
U
uñchavṛtti (gleaner-householder brahmin)
S
saktūn (parched grain flour/provisions, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

True dharma is tested not by abundance but by constraint: the host’s anxiety arises from the ethical demand to honor a guest’s need even when one’s resources are minimal, highlighting the ideal of atithi-sevā and compassionate responsibility.

A brahmin guest consumes the offered food yet remains unsatisfied; the poor gleaner-householder notices this and becomes deeply worried, indicating an escalating moral dilemma about how to fulfill hospitality when nothing more seems available.