Shloka 11

Adhyāya 48: Brahmopadeśa on Prāṇāyāma, Sāttvika Vṛtti, and the Sattva–Kṣetrajña Question

Devanagari script

तथैवैकत्वनानात्वमिष्यते विदुषां नय: । मशकोदुम्बरे चैक्यं पृथक्त्वमपि दृश्यते,इसी प्रकार दूसरे विद्वानोंका निर्णय दोनोंके एकत्व और नानात्वको स्वीकार करता है; क्योंकि मशक और उदुम्बरकी एकता और पृथक्‌ता देखी जाती है

Transliteration

tathaivaikatva-nānātvam iṣyate viduṣāṃ nayaḥ | maśakodumbare caikyaṃ pṛthaktvam api dṛśyate ||

Translation

“ฉันนั้นแล ข้อวินิจฉัยอันรอบคอบของบัณฑิตยอมรับทั้งความเป็นหนึ่งและความเป็นต่าง; เพราะในกรณีของริ้นกับอุทุมพร (มะเดื่อพวง) ย่อมเห็นได้ทั้งความเกี่ยวเนื่องเป็นหนึ่งเดียว และความแยกต่างเป็นคนละสิ่ง”

Word by Word

तथाthus, in the same way

एवindeed, just

एकत्वoneness, unity

नानात्वम्manifoldness, diversity

इष्यतेis accepted/held (to be)

विदुषाम्of the learned

नयःdoctrine, view, judgment

मशकin/with the mosquito

उदुम्बरेin/with the udumbara (fig tree)

चand

ऐक्यम्unity, identity

पृथक्त्वम्separateness, difference

अपिalso, even

दृश्यतेis seen, is observed

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vayudeva

maśaka (gnat/mosquito)

udumbara (cluster-fig tree/fruit)

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that a mature philosophical view can accommodate both unity and diversity: things may be distinct in form and function, yet connected or ‘one’ in dependence, relation, or underlying reality.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva is instructing through an analogy. By pointing to the gnat and the udumbara, he illustrates how learned thinkers justify accepting apparently opposing descriptions—oneness and separateness—depending on the standpoint.