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Shloka 56

Brahmā’s Instruction on Brahmacarya, Vānaprastha, and the Aliṅga Path

Ethics of Non-attachment

एतावदन्तवेलायां परिसंख्याय तत्त्ववित्‌,जो तत्त्ववेत्ता अन्त समयमें इन तत्त्वोंका ज्ञान प्राप्त करके एकान्तमें बैठकर परमात्माका ध्यान करता है, वह आकाशमें विचरनेवाले वायुकी भाँति सब प्रकारकी आसक्तियोंसे छूटकर पञ्चकोशोंसे रहित, निर्भय तथा निराश्रय होकर मुक्त एवं परमात्माको प्राप्त हो जाता है

etāvad antavelāyāṃ parisaṅkhyāya tattvavit | yo tattvavettā anta-samaye ime tattvāni jñātvā ekānte niṣaṇṇaḥ paramātmānaṃ dhyāyati sa ākāśe vicarato vāyor iva sarva-prakārābhisaṅgāt pramucyate pañca-kośa-vivarjitaḥ nirbhayaḥ nirāśrayaś ca san muktaḥ paramātmānaṃ prāpnoti |

ครั้นถึงวาระสุดท้าย ผู้รู้ตัตตวะได้แจกแจงและเข้าใจหลักทั้งหลายนี้โดยรอบคอบ แล้วนั่งในที่สงัดเพ่งฌานต่อปรมาตมัน ดุจลมที่ท่องไปในนภาอย่างเสรี เขาหลุดพ้นจากความยึดติดทั้งปวง; ก้าวพ้นปัญจโกศ ไร้ความหวาดหวั่น ไร้ที่พึ่งพิง บรรลุโมกษะและเข้าถึงปรมาตมัน

एतावत्this much; so far
एतावत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएतावत्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अन्त-वेलायाम्at the time of the end (death-time)
अन्त-वेलायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त-वेला
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
परि-संख्यायhaving fully enumerated/considered
परि-संख्याय:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-√संख्या
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
तत्त्व-वित्knower of truth
तत्त्व-वित्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्वविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्त्व-वेत्ताthe truth-knower
तत्त्व-वेत्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्ववेत्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्त-समयेat the final time
अन्त-समये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त-समय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
एतेषाम्of these
एतेषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
तत्त्वानाम्of the principles/truths
तत्त्वानाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
ज्ञानम्knowledge
ज्ञानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving attained
प्राप्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√आप्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
एकान्तेin solitude
एकान्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootएकान्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
उपविश्यhaving sat down
उपविश्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√विश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
परमात्मनःof the Supreme Self
परमात्मनः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपरमात्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
ध्यानम्meditation
ध्यानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्यान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
करोतिdoes; performs
करोति:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
FormPresent (Lat), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आकाशेin the sky
आकाशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विचरन्moving about; roaming
विचरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√चर्
FormPresent active participle (Śatṛ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वायोःof the wind
वायोः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
इवlike; as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
सर्व-प्रकार-आसक्तिभ्यःfrom all kinds of attachments
सर्व-प्रकार-आसक्तिभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-प्रकार-आसक्ति
FormFeminine, Ablative, Plural
विमुक्तःfreed; released
विमुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-√मुच्
FormPast passive participle (Kta), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
पञ्च-कोश-वर्जितःdevoid of the five sheaths
पञ्च-कोश-वर्जितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चकोश-वर्जित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निर्भयःfearless
निर्भयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्भय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निराश्रयःwithout support; independent
निराश्रयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिराश्रय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुक्तःliberated
मुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Root√मुच्
FormPast passive participle (Kta), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
परमात्मानम्the Supreme Self
परमात्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरमात्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्नोतिattains
प्राप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√आप्
FormPresent (Lat), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu-deva
P
Paramātman
Ā
ākāśa (sky/space)
V
vāyu (wind)
P
pañca-kośa (five sheaths)

Educational Q&A

At the time of death, one who has understood the fundamental principles (tattvas) should withdraw into solitude and meditate on the Supreme Self. Such contemplation, coupled with complete detachment, leads beyond the five sheaths of embodied existence to fearlessness and liberation—attainment of Paramātman.

Vāyu-deva is instructing about the final spiritual discipline: the truth-knower, having reflected on the tattvas, sits alone and meditates on the Supreme. The verse uses the simile of wind moving in the sky to depict freedom from attachments and the liberated state.