Shloka 13
Adhyāya 39 — त्रिगुणविवेकः (Discrimination of the Three Guṇas) and Avyakta-Doctrine
दृष्टवा त्वादित्यमुद्यन्तं कुचराणां भयं भवेत् | अध्वगा: परितप्येयुरुष्णतो दुःखभागिन:,सूर्यको उदित हुआ देखकर दुराचारी मनुष्योंको भय होता है और धूपसे दुःखित राहगीर संतप्त होते हैं
dṛṣṭvā tvādityam udyantaṃ kucarāṇāṃ bhayaṃ bhavet | adhvagāḥ paritapyeyur uṣṇato duḥkhabhāginaḥ ||
เมื่อเห็นอาทิตย์ (อาทิตยะ) กำลังขึ้น ผู้ดำเนินในทางคดก็เกิดความหวาดหวั่น; ส่วนผู้เดินทางบนถนนถูกความร้อนแผดเผา จึงระทมทุกข์และเป็นผู้มีส่วนแห่งความทุกข์
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse contrasts inner conscience and outer circumstance: the righteous can face the day without dread, but wrongdoers feel fear even at the ordinary rising of the Sun, while the same Sun also tests human endurance through heat—reminding that actions shape one’s mental state and that life’s conditions can be both illuminating and challenging.
Vāyudeva speaks in a reflective, didactic tone, using the sunrise as an example: it provokes fear in the wicked (who anticipate exposure or consequence) and causes hardship to travelers under the hot rays, illustrating how a single cosmic event affects different people according to conduct and situation.