Shloka 4

ब्राह्मण्युवाच यदिदं ब्राह्म॒णो लिड़ं क्षेत्रज्ञ इति संज्ञितम्‌ ग्रहीतुं येन यच्छक्यं लक्षणं तस्य तत्‌ क्व नु,ब्राह्मणीने पूछा--नाथ! क्षेत्रज्ञ नामसे प्रसिद्ध शरीरान्तर्वर्ती जीवात्माको जो ब्रह्मका स्वरूप बताया जाता है, यह बात कैसे सम्भव है? क्‍योंकि जीवात्मा ब्रह्मके नियन्त्रणमें रहता है और जो जिसके नियमन्त्रणमें रहता है, वह उसका स्वरूप हो, ऐसा कभी नहीं देखा गया

brāhmaṇy uvāca | yad idaṃ brāhmaṇo līḍaṃ kṣetrajña iti saṃjñitam | grahītuṃ yena yac chakyaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ tasya tat kva nu ||

พราหมณีทูลถามว่า “ข้าแต่นายท่าน ผู้รู้ภายในที่พราหมณ์ชี้ไว้และเรียกว่า ‘กษेत्रชญะ’ นั้น จะพึงหยั่งรู้ได้ด้วยวิธีใด? ลักษณะจำเพาะของเขาคืออะไร และอยู่ ณ ที่ใด? เพราะอาตมันปัจเจกย่อมอยู่ใต้การปกครองของพรหมัน และสิ่งที่อยู่ใต้การครอบงำของผู้อื่น โดยสามัญแล้วมิได้ถือว่าเป็นอันเดียวกันในสภาวะกับผู้ปกครองนั้น”

ब्राह्मणीthe Brahmin woman
ब्राह्मणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मणी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लिङ्गम्mark/characteristic (sign)
लिङ्गम्:
TypeNoun
Rootलिङ्ग
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
क्षेत्रज्ञःknower of the field (the embodied self)
क्षेत्रज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्रज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
संज्ञितम्designated/called
संज्ञितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसंज्ञि
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
ग्रहीतुम्to grasp/understand
ग्रहीतुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
येनby which
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
यत्whatever/that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शक्यम्possible/able to be
शक्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
Formयत् (potential/gerundive sense), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
लक्षणम्definition/characteristic mark
लक्षणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootलक्षण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof that (of him/it)
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
क्वwhere?
क्व:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (Brahmin)
ब्राह्मणी (Brahmin woman)
क्षेत्रज्ञ (Kṣetrajña)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a philosophical problem: if the inner self (kṣetrajña) is said to be of the nature of Brahman, how can that be, given the apparent dependence of the individual soul on Brahman’s governance? It pushes the discussion toward precise criteria (lakṣaṇa) and a method of knowing the self beyond ordinary object-knowledge.

In a dialogue, the Brahmin woman challenges the Brahmin’s identification of the indwelling conscious principle as ‘kṣetrajña’ and asks for a clear definition and means of apprehension—where it is, how it is known, and how identity with Brahman can be coherent if the jīva seems controlled by Brahman.