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Shloka 12

अलर्कोपाख्यानम् — Indriya-Nigraha and Yogic Victory

Mahābhārata 14.30

अलर्क उवाच इयं स्वादून्‌ रसान्‌ भुक्त्वा तानेव प्रतिगृध्यति । तस्माज्जिद्धां प्रति शरान्‌ प्रतिमोक्ष्याम्पहं शितान्‌,अलर्कने कहा--यह रसना स्वादिष्ट रसोंका उपभोग करके फिर उन्हें ही पाना चाहती है। इसलिये अब इसीके ऊपर अपने तीखे सायकोंका प्रहार करूँगा

alarka uvāca: iyaṃ svādūn rasān bhuktvā tān eva pratigṛdhyati | tasmāj jihvāṃ prati śarān pratimokṣyāmy ahaṃ śitān ||

อลรกะกล่าวว่า “ลิ้นนี้ได้เสพรสอันหวานแล้ว ก็ยังใคร่รสเดิมซ้ำอีก เพราะฉะนั้นบัดนี้เราจักปล่อยศรอันคมกล้าตรงไปที่ลิ้นนั้นเอง”

अलर्कःAlarka
अलर्कः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअलर्क
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
इयम्this (she/it)
इयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
स्वादून्sweet, tasty
स्वादून्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वादु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रसान्tastes/flavors
रसान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भुक्त्वाhaving enjoyed/eaten
भुक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
तान्those (same)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रतिगृध्यतिcraves/longs for
प्रतिगृध्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootगृध्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
जिह्वाम्tongue
जिह्वाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजिह्वा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रतिtowards/against
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
शरान्arrows
शरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रतिमोक्ष्यामिI shall discharge/let fly
प्रतिमोक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
शितान्sharp
शितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

अलर्क उवाच

A
Alarka
J
jihvā (tongue)
R
rasa (tastes/flavors)
Ś
śara (arrows)

Educational Q&A

Repeated desire is sustained by the senses themselves; ethical discipline targets the source of craving (the tongue/appetite) rather than endlessly pursuing pleasurable objects.

Alarka personifies the tongue as a persistent seeker of pleasure and declares a dramatic resolve to ‘shoot arrows’ at it—an image for forcefully restraining appetite and conquering desire through inner austerity.