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Shloka 5

अध्वर्यु–यति संवादः

Adhvaryu–Yati Dialogue on Svabhāva, Ahiṃsā, and Mokṣa

नित्यस्य चैतस्य भवन्त्यनित्या निरीक्ष्यमाणस्य बहुस्वभावान्‌ | न सज्जते कर्मसु भोगजालं दिवीव सूर्यस्य मदूखजालम्‌,जिनका स्वभाव बहुत प्रकारका है, उन इन्द्रिय आदिको देखनेवाले इस नित्यस्वरूप आत्माके लिये सब भोग अनित्य हो जाते हैं। अतः वे भोगसमुदाय उस विद्वानको उसी प्रकार कर्मोमें लिप्त नहीं कर सकते, जैसे आकाशमें सूर्यकी किरणोंका समुदाय सूर्यको लिप्त नहीं कर सकता

nityasya caitasya bhavantyanityā nirīkṣyamāṇasya bahusvabhāvān | na sajjate karmasu bhogajālaṃ divīva sūryasya marūcijālam ||

สำหรับอาตมันอันเป็นนิตย์ ผู้เพียงเฝ้าดูการแสดงอันมีสภาวะหลากหลายของอินทรีย์และอารมณ์ทั้งหลาย ความเพลิดเพลินทั้งปวงย่อมปรากฏว่าไม่เที่ยง ฉะนั้นใยแห่งกามคุณย่อมไม่อาจรัดรึงบัณฑิตให้ติดข้องในกรรมได้—ดุจดังหมู่รัศมีแห่งสุริยะที่แผ่ในนภา มิได้ทำให้สุริยะเองมัวหมองหรือถูกผูกพันเลย

नित्यस्यof the eternal
नित्यस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतस्यof this
एतस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भवन्तिbecome/are
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अनित्याःimpermanent
अनित्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनित्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
निरीक्ष्यमाणस्यof (one) who is observing/seeing
निरीक्ष्यमाणस्य:
Sambandha
TypeVerb
Rootनि-ईक्ष्
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
बहु-स्वभावान्having many natures/varied in nature
बहु-स्वभावान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु + स्वभाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सज्जतेclings/attaches
सज्जते:
TypeVerb
Rootसञ्ज्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
कर्मसुin actions
कर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
भोग-जालम्the net/aggregate of enjoyments
भोग-जालम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभोग + जाल
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
दिविin the sky
दिवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
सूर्यस्यof the sun
सूर्यस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मयूख-जालम्the net/cluster of rays
मयूख-जालम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमयूख + जाल
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Ā
ātman (Self)
I
indriya (senses) (implied by context)
S
sūrya (the sun)
M
marūci (sun-rays)
D
div (sky)

Educational Q&A

The Self is eternal and functions as a witness; when one abides in this standpoint, sense-enjoyments are recognized as impermanent and lose their power to bind. Thus, even while actions occur, the wise are not inwardly entangled—like the sun remaining untouched by its own rays.

A Brahmin speaker instructs on inner freedom: by discerning the observing Self distinct from the changing senses and pleasures, one avoids attachment and karmic bondage. The verse uses a vivid simile—sun and rays—to illustrate non-contamination amid activity.