Shloka 15

कतनिमन्ता ब्रह्मात्मा होताध्वर्यु: कृतस्तुति: । ऋतं प्रशास्ता तच्छस्त्रमपवर्गो ३स्य दक्षिणा,कर्ता (अहंकार), अनुमन्ता (मन) और आत्मा (बुद्धि)-ये तीनों ब्रह्मरूप होकर क्रमश: होता, अध्वर्यु और उदगाता हैं। सत्यभाषण ही प्रशास्ताका शस्त्र है और अपवर्ग (मोक्ष) ही उस यज्ञकी दक्षिणा है

kartā nimantā brahmātmā hotādhvaryuḥ kṛtastutiḥ | ṛtaṁ praśāstā tacchastram apavargo 'sya dakṣiṇā ||

พราหมณ์กล่าวว่า “ผู้กระทำและผู้เชื้อเชิญ เมื่อสถิตมั่นในภาวะแห่งพรหมัน ย่อมเป็นโหตฤและอัธวรรยุ; ส่วนผู้สรรเสริญย่อมเป็นอุทคาตฤ. ฤตะ—ความจริง—เป็นผู้กำกับนำทาง; อาวุธของมันคือคำสั่งสอนอันถูกต้อง. ทักษิณาแห่งยัญภายในนี้คืออปวรรค์—โมกษะ อันเป็นความหลุดพ้นที่สุด.”

कतनिमन्ताthe doer/agent who invites/initiates (as a ritual functionary)
कतनिमन्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकतनिमन्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मात्माone whose self is Brahman / Brahman-souled
ब्रह्मात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
होताHotṛ priest (invoker)
होता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अध्वर्युःAdhvaryu priest (executor of the rite)
अध्वर्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतस्तुतिःone whose praise has been performed / duly praised
कृतस्तुतिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतस्तुति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऋतम्truth; cosmic order
ऋतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रशास्ताthe instructor/overseer (priestly functionary)
प्रशास्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-शास्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शस्त्रम्weapon; (here) instrument/means
शस्त्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अपवर्गःliberation (mokṣa)
अपवर्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअपवर्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्यof this; its
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
दक्षिणाsacrificial fee; honorarium
दक्षिणा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिणा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (speaker)
H
Hotṛ
A
Adhvaryu
U
Udgātṛ
B
Brahman (as brahmātmā)
ṛta (truth/order)
A
apavarga (mokṣa)
D
dakṣiṇā (sacrificial fee)

Educational Q&A

The verse internalizes the Vedic sacrifice: the roles of priests are mapped onto inner faculties, and the true ‘instrument’ of the rite is truth (ṛta). The highest ‘fee’ or fruit of this inner yajña is apavarga—liberation—implying that ethical truthfulness and right guidance culminate in mokṣa rather than worldly reward.

A Brāhmaṇa speaker explains a symbolic interpretation of sacrifice within the Ashvamedhika context, shifting attention from external ritual performance to an inward discipline where mental functions and moral truth become the real officiants and means, and liberation is presented as the ultimate outcome.