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Shloka 16

व्याधि-गुण-साम्योपदेशः | Discourse on Affliction, Guṇa-Equilibrium, and the Inner Battle

एतां बुद्धि विनिश्चित्य भूतानामागतिं गतिम्‌ । पितृपैतामहे वृत्ते शाधि राज्यं यथोचितम्‌,समस्त प्राणियोंका यों ही आवागमन होता रहता है। बुद्धिसे ऐसा निश्चय करके आप अपने बाप-दादोंके बर्तावका पालन करते हुए उचित रीतिसे राज्यका शासन कीजिये

etāṁ buddhiṁ viniścitya bhūtānām āgatiṁ gatiṁ | pitṛ-paitāmahe vṛtte śādhi rājyaṁ yathocitam ||

เมื่อเจ้าตั้งมั่นในความเข้าใจนี้ว่า การมาและไปของสรรพสัตว์ดำเนินไปเช่นนี้เองแล้ว จงปกครองแผ่นดินให้สมควร โดยยึดจารีตที่สืบทอดจากบิดาและบรรพชน.

एताम्this (f.)
एताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
बुद्धिम्understanding, thought
बुद्धिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
विनिश्चित्यhaving ascertained, having determined
विनिश्चित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-नि-√चि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
भूतानाम्of beings, of creatures
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
आगतिम्coming, arrival
आगतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतिम्going, course, movement
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पितृपैतामहेin the ancestral (tradition/usage) of fathers and grandfathers
पितृपैतामहे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपितृपैतामह
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वृत्तेin conduct, in practice
वृत्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
शाधिrule!, govern!, instruct!
शाधि:
TypeVerb
Root√शास्
Formलोट् (imperative), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
राज्यम्kingdom, rule
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यथोचितम्as is proper, appropriately
यथोचितम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा + उचित

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
B
bhūtāni (all beings/creatures)
R
rājya (the kingdom)

Educational Q&A

One should rule with clear discernment about the transient movements of beings (their continual coming and going) and uphold dharma by following the proven, righteous conduct of one’s ancestors—governing in a fitting and disciplined way.

Vāyudeva addresses the ruler, urging him to internalize a philosophical insight about the nature of worldly life and then to translate that insight into ethical statecraft—administering the kingdom according to ancestral standards and proper royal duty.