Shloka 3

धृतराष्ट्रस्य स्पर्शाभिलाषः — Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Request for Touch and Permission for Tapas

Devanagari script

पर्युपासनकाले तु विपरीतं विधीयते । आमर्दकाले राजेन्द्र व्यपसर्पेत्‌ ततः परम्‌,आक्रमणकालमें शत्रुकी स्थिति विपरीत रहनी चाहिये अर्थात्‌ उसके सैनिक हृष्ट-पुष्ट एवं संतुष्ट नहीं होने चाहिये। राजेन्द्र! यदि शत्रुसे अपना मान मर्दन होनेकी सम्भावना हो तो वहाँसे भागकर किसी दूसरे मित्र राजाकी शरण लेनी चाहिये

Transliteration

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | paryupāsanakāle tu viparītaṃ vidhīyate | āmardakāle rājendra vyapasarpet tataḥ param ||

Translation

ธฤตราษฏระตรัสว่า “ในยามเฝ้าจับตาและรอคอย ควรดำเนินนโยบายในทางตรงข้าม—อย่าปล่อยให้ศัตรูอยู่ในความสบายและความมั่นใจ โอ้ราชาเอก! เมื่อถึงคราวบุก หากมีภัยว่าศักดิ์ศรีของตนจะถูกย่ำยี ก็จงถอนตัวจากที่นั้น แล้วภายหลังจงไปพึ่งพิงกษัตริย์มิตรองค์อื่น”

Word by Word

• {'dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca': 'Dhṛtarāṣṭra said', 'paryupāsana-kāla': 'the time of attending upon, watching, lying in wait

• a period of strategic waiting', 'tu': 'but, indeed', 'viparītam': 'the opposite, contrary course

• counter-measure', 'vidhīyate': 'is prescribed, should be done', 'āmarda-kāla': 'time of crushing/being crushed

• a moment of humiliation or overpowering', 'rājendra': 'O lord of kings, O best of kings', 'vyapasarpet': 'should withdraw, should retreat, should move away', 'tataḥ param': 'after that, thereafter'}

Speaker

धृतराष्ट उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• rājendra (addressed king)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Strategic conduct must fit the situation: during watchful engagement one should employ counter-measures that prevent the enemy from remaining secure, but if honour and position are about to be decisively crushed, prudent withdrawal and seeking protection with an ally is sanctioned.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛtarāṣṭra is giving counsel in the Ashramavāsika context, framing a principle of royal policy: oppose the enemy’s comfort through appropriate tactics, yet avoid ruinous humiliation by retreating and taking shelter with a friendly ruler when necessary.