Shloka 20

दह्यमानाय विप्राय य: प्रयच्छत्युपानहौ । सस्‍नातकाय महाबाहो संशिताय द्विजातये

dahyamānāya viprāya yaḥ prayacchatyupānahau | sasnātakāya mahābāho saṃśitāya dvijātaye ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “โอ้ผู้มีพาหาอันเกรียงไกร! ผู้ใดมอบรองเท้าหนึ่งคู่แก่พราหมณ์ผู้กำลังทุกข์ร้อนดุจถูกเผาด้วยความลำบาก—โดยเฉพาะแก่ทวิชะผู้เป็นสฺนาตกะ ผู้สำเร็จการศึกษาและเคร่งครัดในวินัย—ผู้นั้นย่อมกระทำทานอันมีมหากุศล บรรเทาความทุกข์เฉพาะหน้า และเทิดทูนศักดิ์ศรีของผู้ทรงวิชา”

दह्यमानायto the burning (one)
दह्यमानाय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootदह् (धातु) → दह्यमान (वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि/आत्मनेपदे कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
विप्रायto a brahmin
विप्राय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रयच्छतिgives, offers
प्रयच्छति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) उपसर्ग: प्र + यच्छ (यम्-आदेश/प्रयोग) → प्रयच्छति
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उपानहौa pair of sandals
उपानहौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपानह् (उपानहौ = द्विवचन प्रथमा/द्वितीया)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
स्नातकायto a स्नातक (one who has completed studentship)
स्नातकाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootस्नातक
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
संशितायto the well-disciplined
संशिताय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + शि (धातु) → संशित (कृदन्त; ‘well-trained/discipled’)
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
द्विजातयेto the twice-born
द्विजातये:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
V
vipra (brāhmaṇa)
S
snātaka
U
upānahau (sandals)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma highlights practical compassion: giving even a simple necessity like sandals to an afflicted brāhmaṇa—especially a disciplined snātaka—counts as dharmic charity because it directly alleviates suffering and supports the life of study and restraint.

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and the fruits of various gifts. Here he singles out the merit of gifting sandals to a distressed learned person, emphasizing timely, need-based giving.