Shloka 41

गाव: पवित्रा: पुण्याश्व॒ पावनं परमं महत्‌ | ताश्च दत्त्वा द्विजातिभ्यो नर: स्वर्गमुपाशुते,गौएँ परम पावन, पवित्र और पुण्यस्वरूपा हैं। वे महान्‌ देवता हैं। उन्हें ब्राह्मणोंको देकर मनुष्य स्वर्गका सुख भोगता है

gāvaḥ pavitrāḥ puṇyāśva pāvanaṁ paramaṁ mahat | tāś ca dattvā dvijātibhyo naraḥ svargam upāśnute ||

โคทั้งหลายบริสุทธิ์และเป็นบุญ เป็นผู้ชำระให้สะอาดอย่างสูงสุดและยิ่งใหญ่ ผู้ใดถวายโคเป็นทานแก่ทวิชะ (โดยเฉพาะพราหมณ์) ผู้นั้นย่อมบรรลุและเสวยสุขแห่งสวรรค์

गावःcows
गावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पवित्राःpure, purifying
पवित्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपवित्र
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पुण्याःholy, meritorious
पुण्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पावनम्purifying (thing)
पावनम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपावन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
परमम्supreme
परमम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ताःthem (those cows)
ताः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
द्विजातिभ्यःto the twice-born (Brahmins etc.)
द्विजातिभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वर्गम्heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपाश्नुतेenjoys, attains (as enjoyment)
उपाश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप + अश्
FormPresent, लट्, Third, Singular, Ātmanepada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
C
cows (gāvaḥ)
D
dvijāti (twice-born, especially Brahmins)
S
svarga (heaven)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that gifting cows (go-dāna) is a supremely purifying act of dharma; giving them to the twice-born—especially Brahmins—produces great merit and leads to heavenly enjoyment.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on gifts and religious duties, Vyāsa states the sanctity of cows and declares the spiritual reward gained by donating them to qualified recipients.