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Shloka 20

Go-apahāra (Cattle Theft), Go-dāna (Cow-Gift), and Suvarṇa-dakṣiṇā (Gold Fee): Karmic Consequence and Purificatory Merit

एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु चोदित: कालधर्मणा । पितृलोकमहं प्राप्य धर्मराजमुपागमम्‌,“इसी बीचमें कालकी प्रेरणासे मैं मृत्युको प्राप्त हुआ और पितृलोकमें पहुँचकर धर्मराजसे मिला

etasminneva kāle tu coditaḥ kāladharmaṇā | pitṛlokam ahaṃ prāpya dharmarājam upāgamam ||

ในกาลนั้นเอง ด้วยแรงขับแห่งธรรมของกาล ข้าถึงความตาย ครั้นไปถึงโลกบรรพชนแล้วจึงเข้าเฝ้าธรรมราช

एतस्मिन्in this
एतस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कालेtime
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
चोदितःimpelled/urged
चोदितः:
TypeVerb
Rootचुद्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, passive (PPP)
कालधर्मणाby the law/ordainment of Time
कालधर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकालधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पितृलोकम्the world of the Fathers (Pitṛs)
पितृलोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving reached
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), active
धर्मराजम्Dharmarāja (Yama)
धर्मराजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपागमम्I approached/met
उपागमम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप + गम्
Formलुङ् (aorist), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (narrator/speaker)
काल (Time, as cosmic principle)
पितृलोक (world of the ancestors)
धर्मराज (Yama)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the inevitability of death under the ordinance of Time (kāladharma) and points to moral accountability after death, where one approaches Dharmarāja, the judge who dispenses results according to karma and dharma.

The Brahmin speaker states that, at that moment, he died due to Time’s decree, reached Pitṛloka, and then went to Dharmarāja (Yama), indicating a transition from earthly life to the post-mortem realm of judgment.