Shloka 47

न च फलति विकर्मा जीवलोके न दैवं व्यपनयति विमार्ग नास्ति दैवे प्रभुत्वम्‌ | गुरुमिव कृतमग्रयं कर्म संयाति दैवं नयति पुरुषकार: संचितस्तत्र तत्र,इस जीव-जगत्‌में उद्योगहीन मनुष्य कभी फूलता-फलता नहीं दिखायी देता। दैवमें इतनी शक्ति नहीं है कि वह उसे कुमार्गसे हटाकर सन्मार्गमें लगा दे। जैसे शिष्य गुरुको आगे करके चलता है उसी तरह दैव पुरुषार्थको ही आगे करके स्वयं उसके पीछे चलता है। संचित किया हुआ पुरुषार्थ ही दैवको जहाँ चाहता है, वहाँ-वहाँ ले जाता है

na ca phalati vikarmā jīvaloke na daivaṁ vyapanayati vimārgaṁ nāsti daive prabhutvam | gurum iva kṛtam agryaṁ karma saṁyāti daivaṁ nayati puruṣakāraḥ saṁcitas tatra tatra ||

ในโลกแห่งสรรพชีวิต ผู้ไร้ความเพียรย่อมไม่เจริญงอกงามเลย ชะตาไม่มีอำนาจอิสระพอจะฉุดคนเกียจคร้านออกจากทางผิดแล้วตั้งไว้ในทางชอบ ตรงกันข้าม ชะตากลับเดินตามความพากเพียรของมนุษย์ ดุจศิษย์เดินโดยมีครูอยู่เบื้องหน้า ฉันนั้น ความเพียรที่สั่งสมไว้เองย่อมนำ ‘ชะตา’ ไปยังที่ใดๆ ตามที่มันถูกขับเคลื่อน

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
फलतिbears fruit / prospers
फलति:
TypeVerb
Rootफल्
FormLat (present indicative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
विकर्माone who does wrong acts / wrong-doer
विकर्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविकर्मन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
जीवलोकेin the world of living beings
जीवलोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजीवलोक
Formmasculine, locative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दैवम्fate / destiny
दैवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
Formneuter, nominative, singular
व्यपनयतिremoves / drives away
व्यपनयति:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-नी (नी)
FormLat (present indicative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
विमार्गम्wrong path
विमार्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविमार्ग
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्तिis / exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormLat (present indicative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
दैवेin fate / in destiny
दैवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
Formneuter, locative, singular
प्रभुत्वम्mastery / power
प्रभुत्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभुत्व
Formneuter, nominative, singular
गुरुम्teacher
गुरुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
इवlike / as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
कृतम्done / made
कृतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (क्त)
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अग्र्यम्foremost / placed in front
अग्र्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्र्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
कर्मaction / deed
कर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
संयातिgoes along / follows
संयाति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-या (या)
FormLat (present indicative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
दैवम्fate / destiny
दैवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
Formneuter, accusative, singular
नयतिleads
नयति:
TypeVerb
Rootनी
FormLat (present indicative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
पुरुषकारःhuman effort / exertion
पुरुषकारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषकार
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
संचितःaccumulated / stored up
संचितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-चि (क्त)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
तत्रthere (in each place)
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Human effort (puruṣakāra) is primary: prosperity and moral progress do not come to the idle, and ‘fate’ is not an independent ruler that can reform a person by itself. Destiny is portrayed as following behind one’s accumulated actions and exertions.

Bhishma is instructing on dharma and right conduct, emphasizing ethical responsibility. In this teaching passage he argues against fatalism, explaining that personal initiative leads and what people call ‘daiva’ follows the momentum created by one’s deeds.