Shloka 18

येन लोकास्त्रय: सृष्टा दैत्या: सर्वाश्व देवता: । स एष भगवान्‌ विष्णु: समुद्रे तप्पते तप:,जिन्होंने तीनों लोकों, दैत्यों तथा सम्पूर्ण देवताओंकी भी सृष्टि की है, वे ही ये भगवान्‌ विष्णु समुद्रमें रहकर तपस्या करते हैं

yena lokās trayaḥ sṛṣṭā daityāḥ sarvāś ca devatāḥ | sa eṣa bhagavān viṣṇuḥ samudre tapyate tapaḥ ||

ผู้ซึ่งได้สร้างไตรโลก พร้อมทั้งพวกไทตยะและเหล่าเทวะทั้งปวง—ผู้นั้นแลคือพระผู้เป็นเจ้า วิษณุ และวิษณุองค์นั้นเองสถิตอยู่ในมหาสมุทรและบำเพ็ญตบะ

येनby whom
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
लोकाःworlds
लोकाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karma
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सृष्टाःcreated
सृष्टाः:
Karma
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootसृज्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
दैत्याःDaityas (demons)
दैत्याः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैत्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
देवताःdeities
देवताः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis (very one)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विष्णुःVishnu
विष्णुः:
Karta
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootविष्णु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समुद्रेin the ocean
समुद्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तप्यतेpractises austerity / does penance
तप्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
FormLat (present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Middle (Ātmanepada)
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
V
Viṣṇu
T
three worlds (trailokya)
D
Daityas
D
Devas (devatāḥ)
O
ocean (samudra)

Educational Q&A

The verse affirms Viṣṇu as the ultimate creator of all realms and beings—gods and Daityas alike—and highlights that even supreme divinity is characterized by tapas: disciplined restraint and purposeful spiritual effort, a key ethical ideal in dharma literature.

Bhīṣma is describing Viṣṇu’s cosmic status and conduct: the same Lord who created the three worlds and all divine and anti-divine beings is said to dwell in the ocean and engage in austerities, emphasizing his transcendence and exemplary self-discipline.