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Shloka 30

Dāna-Śreṣṭhatā: Abhaya, Anugraha, and the Ethics of Honoring the Worthy (दानश्रेष्ठता: अभय-अनुग्रह-विप्रपूजा)

एवमेतद्‌ यथा<<वत्थ व्वं ब्राद्मण्यं तात दुर्लभम्‌ | ब्राह्मणे सति चर्षित्वमृषित्वे च तपस्विता

evam etad yathāttha tvaṁ brāhmaṇyaṁ tāta durlabham | brāhmaṇe sati ca ṛṣitvam ṛṣitve ca tapasvitā ||

ดูก่อนบุตรเอ๋ย เป็นดังที่เจ้ากล่าวไว้โดยแท้ พราหมณ์ภาวะอันแท้จริงนั้นยากจะบรรลุ และแม้เป็นพราหมณ์แล้ว การเป็นฤๅษีก็ยิ่งหาได้ยากกว่า; และแม้เป็นฤๅษีแล้ว การเป็นผู้ทรงตบะอย่างแท้จริง ผู้มีวินัยและสำรวมตน ก็ยิ่งยากยิ่งกว่า

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
एतत्this (is)
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
आत्थyou said
आत्थ:
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (ब्रू/अह् = to say)
Formperfect (लिट्), 2nd, singular, parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formcommon, nominative, singular
ब्राह्मण्यंBrahminhood, the state of being a Brahmin
ब्राह्मण्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
तातdear one, son (term of address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
दुर्लभम्rare, difficult to obtain
दुर्लभम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्लभ
Formneuter, nominative, singular
ब्राह्मणेin/when (one is) a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
Formmasculine, locative, singular
सतिbeing (so), existing; when there is/when one is
सति:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसत् (from √अस्)
Formmasculine, locative, singular, present active participle used in locative absolute
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ऋषित्वम्the state of being a rishi
ऋषित्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषित्व
Formneuter, nominative, singular
ऋषित्वेin/when (there is) rishihood
ऋषित्वे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootऋषित्व
Formneuter, locative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तपस्विताasceticism; being a tapasvin
तपस्विता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्विता
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
तातdear one (address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

च्यवन उवाच

C
Cyavana

Educational Q&A

The verse ranks spiritual qualifications: brahminhood is rare, but true sagehood is rarer, and authentic austerity and self-mastery are rarer still—implying that ethical-spiritual excellence is measured by realized discipline, not merely by status.

Cyavana responds approvingly to the listener’s earlier remark about the link between tapas (austerity) and brāhmaṇatva (brahminhood), affirming that these attainments are progressively difficult and therefore especially worthy of reverence.