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Shloka 45

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

भूयान्‌ स्यात्‌ क्षत्रियापुत्रो वैश्यापुत्रान्न संशय: । भूयस्तेनापि हर्तव्यं पितृवित्ताद्‌ युधिष्ठिर

bhūyān syāt kṣatriyāputro vaiśyāputrān na saṁśayaḥ | bhūyas tenāpi hartavyaṁ pitṛvittād yudhiṣṭhira ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “บุตรของกษัตริย์นักรบย่อมประเสริฐกว่าบุตรของไวศยะ—ไม่ต้องสงสัยเลย เพราะฉะนั้น โอยุธิษฐิระ เขาก็ควรได้รับส่วนที่มากกว่าจากทรัพย์มรดกที่เหลืออยู่”

भूयान्greater/superior
भूयान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभूयस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be / should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
क्षत्रियof a Kshatriya
क्षत्रिय:
TypeNoun (used as first member)
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), —
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैश्यof a Vaishya
वैश्य:
TypeNoun (used as first member)
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), —
पुत्रात्than (from) the son
पुत्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूयःmore; further; again
भूयः:
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial)
Rootभूयस्
तेनby that; therefore
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
हर्तव्यम्is to be taken/appropriated (should be taken)
हर्तव्यम्:
TypeVerbal adjective (gerundive)
Rootहृ
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पितृof the father/ancestral
पितृ:
TypeNoun (used as first member)
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), —
वित्तात्from the wealth
वित्तात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवित्त
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kṣatriya
V
Vaiśya
P
pitṛvitta (ancestral wealth)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma frames inheritance and entitlement through the lens of varṇa-based hierarchy, asserting that a Kṣatriya son has a stronger claim than a Vaiśya son and therefore should receive a larger portion of ancestral property.

In his instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and social/legal norms, Bhīṣma discusses how shares of paternal wealth should be apportioned, here emphasizing preferential allotment to a Kṣatriya son over a Vaiśya son.