Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 36

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

अथ चेदन्यथा कुर्याद्‌ यदि कामाद्‌ युधिष्ठिर । यथा ब्राह्मण चाण्डाल: पूर्वदृष्टस्तथैव स:

atha ced anyathā kuryād yadi kāmād yudhiṣṭhira | yathā brāhmaṇa-cāṇḍālaḥ pūrvadṛṣṭas tathaiva saḥ ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “แต่หากพราหมณ์ผู้ใดถูกกามครอบงำแล้วประพฤติผิดไปจากวินัยที่บัญญัติไว้ โอ้ ยุธิษฐิระ เขาย่อมถูกนับว่าเป็นดัง ‘พราหมณ์จัณฑาล’ ที่ได้กล่าวไว้ก่อนหน้านั้น—ไม่ต่างกันเลย.”

अथnow/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
अन्यथाotherwise/contrarily
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
कुर्यात्should do
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
कामात्from desire; out of lust
कामात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
चाण्डालःa caṇḍāla (outcaste)
चाण्डालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचाण्डाल
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पूर्वदृष्टःpreviously stated/seen
पूर्वदृष्टः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्वदृष्ट
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तथाthus/in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सःhe/that (person)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Brāhmaṇa
C
Cāṇḍāla

Educational Q&A

Dharma is upheld by disciplined conduct; if a brāhmaṇa, overcome by kāma, acts against the śāstric path, he is treated as fallen—likened to a ‘brāhmaṇa-cāṇḍāla’—showing that ethical behavior, not mere status, determines moral standing.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira on right conduct, he reinforces an earlier point: deviation from prescribed restraint and duty—especially under the force of desire—leads to social and moral degradation, expressed through the strong comparison to an outcaste-like condition.