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Shloka 33

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

न तस्यां जातु तिष्ठन्त्यामन्या तत्‌ कर्तुमहति । ब्राह्मणी त्वेव कुर्याद्‌ वा ब्राह्मणस्य युधिष्ठिर

na tasyāṃ jātu tiṣṭhantyām anyā tat kartum arhati | brāhmaṇī tv eva kuryād vā brāhmaṇasya yudhiṣṭhira ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “โอ้ ยุธิษฐิระ ตราบใดที่พราหมณี (ภรรยาพราหมณ์) ยังอยู่ ณ ที่นั้น สตรีอื่นย่อมไม่มีสิทธิ์ประกอบหน้าที่เหล่านั้น. พราหมณีเท่านั้นพึงกระทำการปรนนิบัติอันบัญญัติไว้แก่สามีพราหมณ์—จัดการอาบน้ำ เตรียมเครื่องประดับตกแต่ง จัดไม้ขัดฟันและผงทำความสะอาดฟัน ป้ายอัญชันที่ดวงตา จัดเตรียมเครื่องสังเวยหัวยะ–กัวยะในพิธีโหมะและบูชาประจำวัน และเกื้อหนุนกิจธรรมอื่น ๆ ภายในเรือน.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तस्याम्in her / when she is present
तस्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
जातुever, at any time
जातु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु
तिष्ठन्त्याम्while (she) is standing/remaining (i.e., while she is alive/present)
तिष्ठन्त्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (तिष्ठ)
FormPresent active participle, Feminine, Locative, Singular
अन्याanother (woman)
अन्या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअन्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (act/duty)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्तुम्to do
कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormInfinitive (tumun)
अर्हतिis entitled / is fit
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent indicative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्राह्मणीa Brahmin woman (wife of a Brahmin)
ब्राह्मणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मणी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एवonly
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कुर्यात्should do
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (vidhilin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वाor (emphatic/optional particle)
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
ब्राह्मणस्यof a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
brāhmaṇī (Brahmin wife)
B
brāhmaṇa (Brahmin husband)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts an exclusivity of household-religious service within the Brahmin household: when the Brahmin wife is present, she alone is considered entitled to perform the prescribed domestic and ritual services for her Brahmin husband, reflecting the text’s varṇāśrama-based norms of duty and propriety.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma. Here he specifies a rule about who may perform certain household and ritual duties in a Brahmin home, emphasizing that these are to be done by the brāhmaṇī herself and not by another woman while she is present.