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Shloka 16

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

भारत! ब्राह्मणसे शूद्रामें जो पुत्र उत्पन्न होता है, उसे तो धन न देनेका ही विधान है तो भी शूद्राके पुत्रको पैतृक धनका स्वल्पतम भाग--एक अंश दे देना चाहिये ।।

bhīṣma uvāca | bhārata! brāhmaṇe śūdrāyāṃ yo putra utpadyate, tasmai tu dhanaṃ na dātavyam iti vidhānam; tathāpi śūdrāyāḥ putrāya paitṛkasya dhanasya svalpatamaṃ bhāgam—ekam aṃśaṃ—dātavyaḥ || daśadhā pravibhaktasya dhanasya eṣa bhavet kramaḥ | savarṇāsu tu jātānāṃ samān bhāgān prakalpayet ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “โอ ภารตะ บุตรที่พราหมณ์ได้จากสตรีศูทร มีบัญญัติว่าไม่พึงให้ทรัพย์แก่เขา; กระนั้นก็ตาม บุตรของศูทรพึงได้รับส่วนที่น้อยที่สุดแห่งทรัพย์บิดา—หนึ่งส่วน นี่คือระเบียบเมื่อทรัพย์ถูกแบ่งเป็นสิบส่วน แต่สำหรับบุตรที่เกิดจากสตรีวรรณะเดียวกัน พึงกำหนดส่วนแบ่งให้เสมอกันทั้งหมด”

दशधाin ten ways; tenfold
दशधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदशधा
प्रविभक्तस्यof (that which is) divided/apportioned
प्रविभक्तस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र + वि + √भज्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
धनस्यof wealth
धनस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्would be; should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
क्रमःorder; sequence; rule
क्रमः:
TypeNoun
Rootक्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सवर्णासुamong women of the same varna
सवर्णासु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसवर्णा
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
तुbut; however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
जातानाम्of those born
जातानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Root√जन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
समान्equal
समान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भागान्shares; portions
भागान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रकल्पयेत्should assign; should apportion
प्रकल्पयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √कॢप्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Bharata (address to Yudhiṣṭhira)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma outlines a dharma-based rule for inheritance: in a ten-part division, sons born from women of the same varna receive equal shares, while a son connected with a Shudra mother is assigned only the smallest portion, reflecting the text’s normative social-legal framework.

In the Anushasana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma is advising Yudhiṣṭhira on household and legal duties—specifically, how paternal wealth should be apportioned among sons under different marital/varna circumstances.