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Shloka 5

Strī-satkāra (On honoring women) — Mahābhārata 13.46

येच ते पुरुषा विप्र अक्षैर्दीव्यन्ति हृष्टवत्‌ । ऋतुूंस्तानभिजानीहि ते ते जानन्ति दुष्कृतम्‌,देवशर्माने कहा--ब्रह्मन्‌! तुमने जो स्त्री-पुरुषका जोड़ा देखा था उसे दिन और रात्रि समझो । वे दोनों चक्रवत्‌ घूमते रहते हैं, अतः उन्हें तुम्हारे पापका पता है। विप्रवर! तथा जो अत्यन्त हर्षमें भरकर जूआ खेलते हुए छ: पुरुष दिखायी दिये उन्हें छः ऋतु जानो; वे भी तुम्हारे पापको जानते हैं

ye ca te puruṣā vipra akṣair dīvyanti hṛṣṭavat | ṛtūṁs tān abhijānīhi te te jānanti duṣkṛtam ||

เทวศรมากล่าวว่า “โอ พราหมณ์ ชายเหล่านั้นที่เจ้าเห็นกำลังรื่นเริงเล่นสกา จงรู้ว่าเป็น ‘ฤดูกาลทั้งหก’ เขาเหล่านั้นก็ล่วงรู้ความผิดของเจ้าเช่นกัน”

येwho/which (those)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेthose
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुरुषाःmen/persons
पुरुषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विप्रO brahmin
विप्र:
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अक्षैःwith dice
अक्षैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअक्ष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
दीव्यन्तिthey play (gamble)
दीव्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootदिव् (दीव्यति)
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
हृष्टवत्joyfully, as if delighted
हृष्टवत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootहृष्टवत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ऋतून्seasons
ऋतून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋतु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तान्those
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभिजानीहिknow/recognize
अभिजानीहि:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (अभि + ज्ञा)
FormImperative, Imperative, Parasmaipada, Second, Singular
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जानन्तिthey know
जानन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
दुष्कृतम्evil deed/sin
दुष्कृतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्कृत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

विपुल उवाच

V
Vipula
V
Vipra (the addressed brāhmaṇa)
A
Akṣa (dice)
Ṛtu (the six seasons)

Educational Q&A

Wrongdoing is not hidden: time itself—here symbolized by the six seasons—stands as a witness. The verse frames moral accountability as inescapable, because the cycles of time ‘know’ one’s deeds.

Vipula explains the meaning of a vision: the joyful gamblers seen with dice are to be understood allegorically as the six seasons, and they are said to be aware of the brāhmaṇa’s misdeed.