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Shloka 23

Śakra–Śambara Saṃvāda: Brāhmaṇa-sevā, Anasūyā, and Vāg-bala (शक्रशम्बरसंवादः)

वृषलत्वं परिगता ब्राह्मणानामदर्शनात्‌ । श्रेयान्‌ पराजयस्तेभ्यो न जयो जयतां वर,विजयी वीरोंमें श्रेष्ठ नरेश! द्राविड़, कलिंग, पुलिन्द, उशीनर, कोलिसर्प और माहिषक आदि क्षत्रिय जातियाँ भी ब्राह्मणोंकी कृपादृष्टि न मिलनेसे ही शूद्र हो गयीं। ब्राह्मणोंसे हार मान लेनेमें ही कल्याण है, उन्हें हराना अच्छा नहीं है

vṛṣalatvaṁ parigatā brāhmaṇānām adarśanāt | śreyān parājayas tebhyo na jayo jayatāṁ vara ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “เพราะขาดการได้พบและการชี้นำของพราหมณ์ พวกเขาจึงตกลงสู่สภาพวฤษละ โอ้ผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่ผู้มีชัย การยอมรับความพ่ายแพ้ต่อพราหมณ์ยังประเสริฐกว่า; ชัยชนะเหนือท่านเหล่านั้นหาใช่สิ่งมงคลไม่”

वृषलत्वम्the state of being a śūdra / degradation
वृषलत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृषलत्व (वृषल + त्व)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परिगताःhave attained / have fallen into
परिगताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-गम् (गम्)
FormPast (perfective), Plural, Masculine, Nominative, Past passive participle (क्त), used actively
ब्राह्मणानाम्of the brāhmaṇas
ब्राह्मणानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अदर्शनात्from non-seeing / due to absence (of sight/meeting)
अदर्शनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअदर्शन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
श्रेयान्better
श्रेयान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेयस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पराजयःdefeat
पराजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपराजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेभ्यःthan them / from them
तेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जयःvictory
जयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जयताम्of those who conquer / of the victorious
जयताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootजि (जय)
FormPresent (imperative/benedictive sense as participial genitive), Plural, Genitive, Present active participle (शतृ) in genitive plural
वरO best (one)
वर:
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Brāhmaṇas

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches that a ruler’s welfare depends on honoring and remaining connected to Brāhmaṇas (as custodians of sacred learning and dharma). Losing their guidance leads to moral and social decline; therefore, it is wiser to yield to them than to seek triumph over them.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma is advising the king on dharma and proper conduct. Here he warns that communities and rulers who become estranged from Brāhmaṇas fall into degradation, and he counsels reverence and restraint rather than confrontation.