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Shloka 26

ब्राह्मणपूजा-राजधर्मः | Royal Duty of Honoring Learned Brahmins

राजोवाच भगवन्‌ वैतहत्यैमें युद्धे वंश: प्रणाशित: । अहमेकः: परिद्यूनो भवन्तं शरणं गत:

rājovāca bhagavan vaitahavyaiḥ ime yuddhe vaṁśaḥ praṇāśitaḥ | aham ekaḥ paridyūno bhavantaṁ śaraṇaṁ gataḥ ||

พระราชาตรัสว่า “ข้าแต่ภควัน ในสงครามนี้ บุตรทั้งหลายของวีตหัวยะได้ทำลายวงศ์ตระกูลของข้าพเจ้าเสียสิ้น ข้าพเจ้าเหลือเพียงผู้เดียว ถูกความโศกครอบงำ จึงมาขอพึ่งพระองค์เป็นที่พึ่ง”

राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भगवन्O Blessed one / O Lord
भगवन्:
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वैतहव्यैःby the Vaitahavyas (descendants/sons of Vitahavya)
वैतहव्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवैतहव्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
इमेthese (people)
इमे:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वंशःlineage, dynasty
वंशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवंश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रणाशितःdestroyed
प्रणाशितः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-नश्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एकःalone, single
एकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परिद्यूनःafflicted, distressed
परिद्यूनः:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-द्यु
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
भवन्तम्you (honorific)
भवन्तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शरणम्refuge
शरणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गतःgone, having come
गतः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPast active participle (क्तवतु/क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

R
rājā (the king)
B
bhagavān (the revered sage addressed)
V
Vītahavya
S
sons/descendants of Vītahavya
W
war/battle (yuddha)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic moment: after catastrophic loss in war, the proper response is humility and seeking guidance from a worthy authority. It highlights the ethical turn from vengeance or despair toward śaraṇāgati—taking refuge in wisdom and dharma for restoration of right conduct.

A king, whose dynasty has been wiped out in battle by Vītahavya’s descendants, approaches a revered figure (addressed as bhagavan) in deep sorrow, declaring himself the lone survivor and asking for protection and counsel.